supporting in newsprint production as late as 1909 

 tin* Tinted States had, in 1919, 10 years later, 

 1 <voim> dependent upon foreign sources for ap- 

 proximately two-thirds of our newsprint or its raw 

 material. 



The factors which have held our newsprint in- 

 dustry practically at a standstill in the face of 

 rapidly growing domestic requirements are pertinent 

 in a study of timber depletion. The various re- 

 quirements of paper making have restricted the 

 number of species which have gone into newsprint 

 paper, and incidentally into all kinds of pulp and 

 paper, very largely to four, of which spruce supplied 

 55 per cent of the total pulp manufactured in 1917, 

 hemlock 16, balsam 7, and poplar 6, a total of 84 

 per cent from four species. The overcentralization 

 of the industry in the Northwest and Lake States and 

 the consequently serious overcutting of the timber 

 in these regions is due in no small degree to this 

 restricted use and the occurrence of these species 

 chiefly in New England and the Lake States. 



The lumber industry has followed the timber, 

 but a much smaller investment per unit of output 

 is required hi the lumber mill than in the pulp 

 and paper plant. On a prewar basis an investment 

 of approximately $1,500 per thousand board feet of 

 daily product is required in lumber manufacture, 

 whereas pulp and paper establishments require ap- 

 proximately $50,000 per thousand feet of daily con- 

 sumption. Large investments have therefore tended 

 to hold the pulp and paper industry in the regions 

 in which it was first established, arid timber has 



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