356 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION REPORT, IQI2. 



before on the same ground, which was in 1911, but I manured 

 it heavily with horse and cow manure, and used fertilizer 

 besides." 



An examination of the turnips sent showed that they had 

 a dry rot, appearing as sunken, subcircular areas scattered over 

 the roots, especially above, as in illustration c. These areas 

 usually had a darker border, but on the samples we received we 

 did not notice that this was purplish or that the spots were 

 finally cracked, as described for the trouble on Swedish turnips 

 elsewhere. A microscopic examination showed the mycelium of 

 the fungus abundant in these spots, and apparently the cause 

 of the decay. No fruiting bodies showed, but after placing the 

 turnip for a few days in a moist chamber, these became abundant, 

 as shown in illustration d. Cultures of the fungus were easily 

 obtained, and these produced a black growth in the medium with 

 a scanty, superficial, whitish or slightly pinkish tinted growth 

 above. The spores exuded more or less abundantly in rose- 

 colored, viscid masses. Mr. Stoddard readily produced the dis- 

 ease in healthy tubers, kept fairly moist and warm, on inoculation 

 with spores from the cultures. 



The writer is indebted to Stewart of Geneva, N. Y., for several 

 references to this disease in other countries, but neither Stewart, 

 Selby, nor anyone else apparently, has reported a similar 

 trouble in the United States. So far as the writer can judge 

 from the meager description, our disease appears to be the same 

 as that reported by Rostrup (5-6) from Denmark in 1893. He 

 found it on Swede turnips, and describes as its cause a new 

 fungus which he called Phoma Napobrassica. The trouble was 

 next reported from the north of England, by Potter (4), who 

 first noticed it in the winter of 1896-7. He also found it on 

 the roots in the field. Potter merely identified the disease as 

 caused by a species of Phoma, though he noted the possibility of 

 its being the same species described by Rostrup. Carruthers 

 (i) also reported this trouble from Lincolnshire, England, in 

 1903, and he had no doubt but that the disease reported by 

 Potter and himself was the same as that described by Rostrup. 



In 1905, Kirk (3) reported the disease from New Zealand as 

 new in that region. He gives the following description of the 

 injury: "Below the crown,- and forming a kind of irregular 

 ring around the upper third of the turnip, are numerous more or 



