ENDOTHIA PARASITIC A AND RELATED SPECIES. 11 



course, it can not be positively stated that E. ftuens does not occur 

 on Fagus in this country, but if it does it must be rare. In this con- 

 nection, it is also perhaps worthy of note that, notwithstanding the 

 mention of Fagus as a host in Europe, the writers have never seen 

 any European specimens of Endothia on this host. The specimens 

 so named by Roumeguere and distributed as No. 989 Fun. Gal. on 

 beech are, according to several specimens examined, evidently a 

 young condition of some Hypoxylon, probably H. coctineum, which 

 in this state bears a superficial resemblance in form and color to the 

 stromata of Endothia, but can be easily distinguished by the dark- 

 brown or blackish color of the interior of the stroma. The identity 

 of Schweinitz's Sphaeria gyrosa with the long ascospore form of 

 Endothia shown on Plate VII is based on careful microscopic 

 study of the stromata and measurement of the pycnospores from 

 four specimens of the original collections of Schweinitz in North 

 Carolina, three on Fagus and one labeled Juglans. The three on 

 Fagus show the typical pycnidial stromata and pycnospores of the 

 species, either of which is sufficient for positive identification when 

 thoroughly known. The specimen referred to by Schweinitz as on 

 Juglans also shows typical pycnospores of E. gyrosa. The evidence, 

 as stated above, leaves no reasonable doubt as to the identity of the 

 fungus which Schweinitz described as Sphaeria gyrosa. 



According to a specimen w T hich is probably a portipn of Schwei- 

 nitz's type found in Michener's herbarium, Peziza dnnabarina 

 Schw. is the pycnidial form of E. gyrosa (Schw.) (See PL IV.) 

 It is the form with small pycnidia on bare wood of Liquidambar. 

 This was first reported by Schweinitz as " Peziza flammea A. and S." 

 and later changed as above. Later Saccardo (69, vol. 8, p. 399), 

 thinking that this was a Discomycete, transferred it to the genus 

 Lachnella. 



The other American species of Endothia which was described by 

 Schweinitz as Sphaeria radicalis and first published by Fries in 1828 

 (31, p. 73) has also until recently been more or less misunderstood. 

 The only specimens of this species found at present in Schweinitz's 

 mounted collection at the Philadelphia Academy of Science is a 

 small piece of bark of an oak root bearing a few pycnidial stromata. 

 No host was given in Fries, but Schweinitz in 1832 (74 p. 197) gives 

 Fagus as the host. That this was an error and that the host was 

 really Quercus and not Fagus is clearly indicated by all of Schwei- 

 nitz's specimens examined, not only those in the Philadelphia 

 Academy but those found in several herbaria in Europe and one in 

 Curtis's herbarium at Harvard, and also in Schweinitz's autograph 

 label on the original packet in his herbarium. A photograph of this 

 packet is shown in Plate VI. 



The description of this species was first published by Fries in 

 1828 (31, p. 73). Schweinitz's specimen at the Philadelphia Academy 



