28 



BULLETIN 189, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



brood moths and 6.70 per cent were parasitized. The light fruit crop 

 already noted reduced the number of wintering larvae to 35.63 per 

 cent. 



SUMMARY FOR SEASON OF 1913. 



Spring-brood moths began to emerge May 6, and a few first-brood 

 larvas were probably entering the fruit by May 16. First-brood 

 larvae began to appear under the bands in the orchard June 17, and 

 from these larvae a few first-brood moths emerged in the laboratory 

 on June 30. Second-brood larvae were probably entering fruit in 

 numbers by July 15; they began leaving fruit about August 13. 



INVESTIGATIONS AT FISHERSVILLE, VA. 



DESCRIPTION OF LOCALITY. 



Fishers ville is the shipping point for a part of the Shenandoah Val- 

 ley, in which commercial fruit growing has for years been of consider- 

 able importance. While in approximately the same latitude as Char- 

 lottesville, the seasonal conditions of this section are decidedly differ- 

 ent chiefly on account of the much higher altitude; in fact, there is a 

 much greater similarity of conditions between Fishersville and Win- 

 chester, both of which are in the Shenandoah Valley, than between 

 Fishersville and Charlottesville, between which two points the Blue 

 Ridge Mountains intervene. Differences in humidity and other cli- 

 matic conditions occur between these two regions that may effect the 

 development of the codling moth and that may not be entirely 

 accounted for by differences in altitude. The band-record experi- 

 ments were carried on in locations 1,400 to 1,500 feet above sea level, 

 which is probably about the average elevation of orchards in this 

 section. 



INVESTIGATIONS IN 1912. 



SPRING-BROOD MOTHS. 



In a limited way the emergence dates of 119 moths given in Table 

 XXI probably represent fairly well the occurrence of the spring brood 

 at Fishersville in 1912. The rearing material was collected from the 

 bands in the fall of 1911. 



TABLE XXI. Emergence of spring-brood moths of the codling moth at 

 Fishersville, Va., in 1912. (See fig. 16.) 



