IMPORTANT PECAX INSECTS AND THEIR CONTROL. 



23 



stances should the arsenatc of lead be used without the addition of 

 lime, as more or less serious injury to the foliage or nuts is likely to 

 result. Spraying 'may be done with the same degree of effectiveness 

 from the first part of August up to the middle of September. Care 

 should be taken not to delay the spraying too long in the fall, as 

 observations have 

 shown that some 

 larvie seek hiberna- 

 tion quarters toward 

 the latter part of Sep- 

 tember, although the 

 vast majority of them 

 do not construct win- 

 ter eases until the first 

 week in October. It 

 should be borne in 

 mind also that only 

 the Iarva3 that have 

 fed oiipoisonedfohage 

 will be killed. Re- 

 membering these 

 points, growers should 

 realize the importance 

 of spraying at the 

 proper time and ap- 

 ply the poison thor- 

 oughly to all parts of 

 the foliage, especially 

 the under side, upon 

 which the larvae are 

 feeding. Only one 

 thorough application 

 is necessary to control 

 this pest in pecan orchards, even though the infestation is most 

 severe. It is unnecessary to spray more than once for this pest pro- 

 viding the spray is applied thoroughly at the proper time. 



THE PECAN CIGAR CASE-BEARER. * 



The pecan cigar case-bearer usually is to be considered as a pest of 

 only minor importance, but reports are received of its occurrence in 

 injurious numbers in pecan orchards during the spring months and of 

 the infliction of serious damage to the buds and foliage. (Fig. 26.) 

 This insect does not confine its attacks to the pecafe, as it feeds upon 

 the various species of hickory and the black walnut. The pecan 

 cigar case-bearer is distributed over a wide range of the country, 



FIG. 26. The pecan cigar case-bearer (Coleophora caryaefoUcUa): 

 Pecan tree largely defoliated by this insect. 



Coleophora caTyaefoliella Clem. 



