32 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 1917. 



Mesothoracic Wings. The wings of the mesothorax (Fig. 

 2, A, wl) almost conceal those of the metathorax and are visible 

 on both dorsal and ventral surfaces. In most pupae they are 

 the only wings visible on the ventral surface. 



Metathorax. This segment (Fig. 2, B, mt) is usually about 

 as long as the first abdominal segment. 



Metathoracic Legs. These legs (Fig. 2, A, 13) are never 

 visible for their entire length, and are sometimes entirely con- 

 cealed. The tips are often visible on either side of the meson 

 near the caudal margin of the wings. 



Metathoracic Wings. These are usually concealed by the 

 mesothoracic wings except for a narrow strip along the dorsal 

 margin (Fig. 2, A, w2). In Platypterygidae they are visible 

 on the ventral surface. 



ABDOMEN. 



The abdomen consists of ten segments (Fig. 2, B, al to alO). 

 The first three segments are only visible in dorsal view. The 

 fourth usually shows a slight margin below the wings on the 

 ventral surface and all of the other segments are visible on both 

 surfaces. There is movement possible between the fourth and 

 fifth, fifth and sixth, and sixth and seventh segments, and the 

 fourth, fifth and sixth are said to be movable segments. The 

 pupa is thus capable of expanding and contracting the body 

 and can bend it from side to side. The movements possible 

 between these segments enables the pupa to work its way out 

 of the ground, or out of a cocoon. These movable segments 

 generally fit over one another so 'that the transverse conjunc- 

 tiva of one covers the cephalic portion of the next segment. 

 This cephalic portion is referred to as the cephalic margin (Fig. 

 2, B, cm). The transverse conjunctiva differs from the remaind- 

 er of the segment in texture and is usually lighter in color. Its 

 cephalic boundary is indicated in the figures by a dotted line. 



Tubercle Scars. The larvae often bear prominent tubercles 

 or projections on the body and the scars (Fig. 2, B, ts) of these 

 are nearly always visible on the body of the pupa. 



Anal Opening. This is situated on the meson near the 

 caudal margin of the tenth segment (Fig. 2, A, ao). It is usual- 

 ly slit-like and surrounded by prominent wrinkles or folds. 



