SOLID-STREAM SPRAYING IN NEW ENGLAND. 9 



every minute, and as the average shade tree contains about 3,000 

 square feet of foliage and 9^ gallons of solution will actually cover 

 this amount of foliage, it is practically impossible to prevent a small 

 amount of waste, although a much smaller percentage than would be 

 supposed results if care is taken by the nozzleman. One-half minute 

 of solid-stream spraying at the proper pressure will ordinarily spray 

 the average shade tree. 



There are several conditions which would cause this estimate to 

 vary, such as high winds, location of tree, etc. In directing solid- 

 stream spray, the force of the stream should never be allowed 

 to strike the foliage, as the solution will not adhere, but is driven off. 

 It should be applied in as near a mist form as possible. In the spray- 

 ing of shade trees care should be taken to direct the stream so that 

 the mist will blow or drift through the foliage. It is not always 

 possible to spray all sides of a tree, but it can usually be completely 

 sprayed by drifting it through or by allowing the stream to go over 

 the tree. In spraying trees on country roadsides, where the water 

 supply is not always easy of access, considerable time can be saved 

 by filling the tank when there is an opportunity, even if it is not 

 empty. If this is done an accurate method should be worked out to 

 determine the amount of water to be added so that the proper weight 

 of poison can be placed in the tank. Considerable time is required 

 to secure water, even if hydrants are available. 



PRESSURES. 



A knowledge of the correct pressures to use in solid-stream spray- 

 ing is most essential. As has been previously stated, the solution 

 should reach the leaves as a mist if best results are to be obtained. 

 If this is not done much poison is wasted, and if the force of the 

 stream is allowed to come in direct contact with the foliage it often 

 tears and' damages the leaves. 



After several years experience and many experiments, it has been 

 concluded that to obtain the best results the pressure at the nozzle 

 when 1-inch hose is used with any sized tip should be 225 pounds in 

 order to break the stream into a mist at the proper place. 



It has been determined by tests shown in Table I that it is 

 not practical to use over 1,500 feet of 1-inch hose with the high- 

 power machine when a one-fourth-inch tip is used, and not over 600 

 feet of 1-inch hose when a five-sixteenths-inch tip is used. 



