40 REFORESTATION ON THE NATIONAL FORESTS. 



general, the sites upon which the sowing was done may be divided 

 into three classes. 



Class I : Level or open country, with little or no ground cover to be 

 removed, no down timber to obstruct the movements of the planters, 

 and with soil light and easily worked. 



Class II : New burns on fairly level or gently sloping ground, with 

 no ground cover, but with large quantities of dead timber; the soil 

 of clayey loam, but easily worked with a grub hoe. 



Class III: Steep slopes with considerable ground cover, and with 

 much down timber; the soil often containing much loose rock. 



The species of seed sown and the cost per pound were as follows : 

 Norway spruce, $0.55 per pound; yellow pine, $1 per pound; Douglas 

 fir, $1.50 per pound. 



In all classifications a uniform cost of 46 per cent per acre is made 

 for expenses, exclusive of the cost of preparing the ground or sowing 

 the seed, and of the seed itself. These expenses consist chiefly of 

 surveying and staking out the sites, transporting camp equipment 

 and supplies, and the general expenses of Forest officers. This mis- 

 cellaneous expense will, of course, vary, but the estimate of 46 cents 

 per acre is an average of seven representative projects. In calculat- 

 ing the cost of labor the wage used was 32 cents per hour per man, 

 exclusive of subsistence, and 75 cents per hour for a man and a team 

 working on an eight-hour basis. 



CLASS I SITE. 



Method A. Seed spots 10 to 12 inches in diameter; the soil stirred only from 

 1 to 2 inches; the seed covered, and the soil lightly tamped. 



By spacing 6 by 6 feet and sowing from 10 to 15 seeds per spot, 

 it cost per acre for Norway spruce $2.10, for yellow pine $3.70, and 

 for Douglas fir $2.49. With the same spacing, but with from 20 to 

 30 seed per spot, it cost per acre for Norway spruce $2.21, for yellow 

 pine $5.59, and for Douglas fir $2.99. By spacing 5 .by 5 feet, with 

 from 10 to 15 seed per spot, it cost per acre for Norway spruce $2.59, 

 for yellow pine $5.01, and for Douglas fir $3.16. With a spacing of 

 5 by 5 feet, but with from 20 to 30 seed per spot, it cost per acre for 

 Norway spruce $2.77, for yellow pine $7.61, and for Douglas fir $3.91. 



Method B. Large seed spots 2 feet in diameter; soil cultivated to a depth of 



6 inches and seed covered. 



By spacing 9 by 9 feet and sowing from 10 to 15 seed per spot, 

 it cost per acre for Norway spruce $1.57, for yellow pine $2.26, and 

 for Douglas fir $1.71. With the same spacing, but with from 20 to 

 30 seed per spot, it cost per acre for Norway spruce $1.64, for yellow 

 pine $3.02, and for Douglas fir $1.92. 



Method C : Double furrows plowed 8 feet apart and harrowed ; 8 seed used per 

 square foot of furrow, and furrows harrowed again. 



