SEP 1 1914 



Division of Forestry 

 University of California 



Issued August 30, 1910. 



United States Department of Agriculture, 



FOREST SERVICE CIRCULAR 182. 

 HENRY S. GRAVES, Forester. 



FOREST PLANTING LEAFLET. 



SHORTLEAF PINE (Pinus echinata). 



FORM AND SIZE OF TREES GROWN IN PLANTATIONS. 



Shortleaf pine, which is also commonly called " forest," " yellow," 

 or " rosemary " pine, is the most important conifer in the Piedmont 

 or red-clay hill region of the Southern States, where its second 

 growth is the common old-field pine. Trees grown in plantations will 

 have the same form and reach the same size as the trees in the best 

 old-field stands. On the best soil its second growth attains in eighty 

 years a maximum height of from 90 to 100 feet and a diameter of 

 from 20 to 24 inches. Ordinarily, however, the size of the tree in 

 old-field stands, especially east of the Mississippi Eiver, is much 

 less, its height usually being from 75 to 85 feet and its diameter from 

 12 to 16 inches. The mature tree in a second-growth stand has a 

 moderately tapering, straight or slightly crooked stem, which is clear 

 of branches for from one-half to two-thirds its length and ultimately 

 divides near the top of the tree into several branches. The thin- 

 foliaged crown, formed of short, slender branches, is oval or irregular 

 in outline. The bark, bright reddish brown and firm, is divided by 

 deep furrows into regular oval or rectangular plates, and is much 

 thickened at the base of the stem, where it is usually from 1 to 2 

 inches thick. 



PLANTING RANGE. 



The planting range of shortleaf pine embraces its natural range 

 and a considerable territory beyond to the north and west. It is the 

 characteristic pine of the southern Piedmont and foothills, being 

 54480 Cir. 18210 



