other by single lines of trees. The entire quarter section is thus 

 divided into six rectangular fields, all. of the same dimensions and each 

 containing 22.1 acres, and a square farmstead containing 5.9 acres. 

 Private lanes on the north and west sides of the farmstead 

 connecting with the public roads give access to all the fields of 

 the farm. The single lines of trees consist of such species as are 

 hardy in exposed situations. Along the north boundaiy, inside the 

 hedge, is a row of Austrian pine, which will serve as a windbreak in 

 winter. The trees in the edge of the highway along the east hedge line 

 are white elm, while those along the south are pecan. One side of 

 each private lane has been planted with a row of honey locust. The 

 boundary lines separating tields B, C, D, E, and F are planted with 

 black walnut, hackberry, Carolina poplar, and sycamore. The pur- 

 pose of the single rows of trees separating the fields is to afford living 

 fence posts upon which to fasten woven-wire fencing, and to protect 

 the fields against the hot southwest winds. The figure on the opposite 

 page shows how the model farm is laid out. The forest plantations con- 

 tiguous to the model farm on the north and south, numbered 1 to 48, 

 illustrate woodlot plantations suited to different sections of the United 

 States, and are described in another circular. 



WINDBREAKS. 



Windbreaks are provided, in addition to the single rows of trees 

 running east and west between the fields, by strips of forest planta- 

 tions on the south and west sides of the farm, a strip on the west side 

 of field A and the farmstead, and a short strip on the north of the 

 farmstead, which is thus protected on three sides. The location and 

 extent of these plantations have been carefully planned with refer- 

 ence to the protection which they will give. The distance to which 

 the beneficial effects of a windbreak are felt depends on its height 

 and density. With the arrangement proposed all parts of the farm 

 will be shielded against the southwest hot winds of summer, while 

 adequate protection is also secured for both stock and household 

 against the discomforts of the fierce winter " northers." 



Without making any allowance for the space occupied by the single 

 rows of trees located on the boundaries of the fields, the forest planta- 

 tions serving for windbreaks here provided for would occupy 17.7 

 acres on a quarter section. 



The windbreaks are 8 feet 2 inches wide, from the hedgerow to the 

 last row of trees next to the inclosed field. This corresponds to a 

 width of about 5 rods on the real farm. For convenience in cultiva- 

 tion and in order to insure good growth during the Exposition, the 

 trees in the windbreaks have been planted 18 inches apart in rows in 

 two directions, instead of one tenth the actual intervals advisable on a 

 farm. This distance is one-third to one-fourth what the distance 

 should be in actual practice (4? to (> feet apart each way). The width 



