fence post or telegraph pole and at maturity may be cut out, leaving 

 the fir in possession of the soil. The wide spacing in one direction will 

 allow of desirable cultivation between the rows since the tamarack is 

 very much influenced in its growth by the soil conditions; and thrives 

 very much better if given good cultivation. 



Plat 28 is planted 4 feet by 4 feet with red pine and jack pine 

 in equal proportions. These species are particularly well adapted to 

 sandy land in the Lake States. The close spacing will earty bring 

 about conditions of cover and soil promoting the thrift of the planta- 

 tion and obviating the need of cultivation. The jack pine should be 

 removed from the plantation as soon as it begins injuriously to crowd 

 its associate, since the red pine is the long-lived species designed to 

 produce the final forest stand. 



Plat 29 has been planted 4 feet by 8 feet with Norway spruce and 

 white pine in equal proportions. This mixture is particularly well 

 adapted to the region east of the Mississippi originally inhabited by the 

 white pine. The spruce forms an understory, and, by contributing its 

 shade and leaf litter in association with the pine, improves the qual- 

 ity of the soil. 



Plat 30 has been planted 6 feet by 6 feet with sugar maple and 

 white pine in equal proportions. This is a very valuable mixture for 

 the North Atlantic States and the Appalachian Mountains, and for the 

 Ohio Valley as far south as the thirty-ninth parallel. The maple is 

 intended to form the understory, while the pine will produce the over- 

 story. Large plantations have been made after this pattern under the 

 instruction of the Bureau of Forestry in a number of the New Eng- 

 land States. 



Plat 31 is planted 4 feet by 6 feet with chestnut and white pine in 

 equal proportions. This mixture is suited to pine lands in the middle 

 Appalachian Mountains, and in the Ohio Valley as far west as the Lake 

 Michigan basin. The chestnut, in association with the pine, will serve 

 for the production of a temporary income; since it may be harvested 

 early for posts and poles, while the pine will make the permanent 

 stand, maturing sawlogs when eighty to one hundred years old. 



Plat 32 is planted 4 feet by 6 feet with half Norway spruce and 

 equal parts of hemlock and European larch. This mixture is suited 

 to sandy, poor land in the Northeastern States. The larch will form 

 an overstory, while the spruce and hemlock as an understory will 

 afford shade, thus improving the quality of the soil. 



Plat 33 is planted 6 feet by 6 feet with white pine. This species is 

 adapted for commercial plantations in the New England and Lake 

 States. Closer spacing than is here illustrated would be very desira- 

 ble if it were not for the fact that the cost of the nursery stock makes 

 denser planting impracticable. For the production of good timber a 

 better spacing would be 4 or 5 feet apart each way. 



