39 



plaint from this source in western Kansas, but the fungus is common 

 farther east, and may travel westward. 



In the court-house yard at Smith Center, Kans., is a thrifty double 

 row of red cedars that have been set sixteen years. During that time 

 the average growth has been 9 inches in height and a little more than 

 one-fourth of an inch in diameter yearly. Reasonably good condi- 

 tions will secure similar results anywhere. 'Although used nearly 

 altogether as an ornamental tree, the cedar as it grows in western Kan- 

 sas is not particularly handsome. It is often dingy in appearance as 

 compared with the freshness of pine foliage or the delicate forms of 

 some broadleaf species; but the planter on the plains must, choose 

 trees with more consideration for hardiness than beauty. Red cedar 

 will groAv where all else would fail, and it will give him service 

 throughout the year. 



The red heart wood makes wonderfully durable posts, and is valu- 

 able in many ways. Commercial planting has not been undertaken 

 as yet. Owing to the high price of the trees and the care necessary 

 in setting, the experiment would be costly. There is no doubt, how- 

 ever, that a successful plantation would eventually bring good returns. 



The rates of growth were found to be practically identical for 

 upland and valley situations, so no distinction is made in the table. 

 As the planting is almost entirely in yards, only a few trees were 

 found in a place, and the number of measurements is correspondingly 



small. 



Growth of u(>l<ind and valley red cedar. 



WHITE ELM. 



White elm is a native tree that does excellently under cultivation. 

 It likes a heavy soil, and will grow well w r here cottonwood fails en- 

 tirely. It is slow to start and requires a few years to get established, 

 but afterwards grows rapidly. The elm is a long-lived tree, and one 

 that should have a place in permanent plantations. It has no supe- 



[Cir. 101.] 



