16 Circular No. 55, January, 1916. 



PROTECTION. 



Newly planted trees require protection against injury by 

 the sun, wind, and animals. Protection against injury by the 

 sun and wind is required by the evergreens more than by the 

 broadleaved species. Furthermore, because evergreens are 

 in full foliage when they are planted, there is considerable 

 danger that they will suffer from the effect of excessive 

 transpiration. To guard against this danger, a screen of some 

 kind should surround them. When only a few trees are in- 

 volved, small boxes with their tops and bottoms knocked out, 

 can be set around the trees. Empty nail kegs will also answer 

 the purpose. A screen of burlap tacked to three or four 

 stakes at equal distances around the tree answers the 

 purpose very well. For extensive planting, as in groves and 

 shelter-belts, shingles or short pieces of light box boards from 

 six to eight inches in width, driven into the ground a few 

 inches from the tree on the southwest side, provide excellent 

 protection. Some protection of this nature is very necessary 

 during the first month or six weeks after the evergreens are 

 planted. 



The broadleaved species will require no special protection, 

 except from rabbits. Their stems should be wrapped with 

 burlap, grass, cornstalks, or wooden veneer tree-protectors, 

 or painted with crude oil. 



Live stock of all kinds must be rigidly excluded from the 

 area occupied by young trees. Browsing off the tips of the 

 branches, rubbing against the stems, and trampling the 

 ground around the trees, are all detrimental and can not be 

 permitted if successful growth is to be secured. 



When leaf-eating insects threaten, the trees should be 

 sprayed with an arsenical spray. To protect against borers, 

 the stems of the newly planted trees may be painted with a 

 saturated solution of sal soda, to which enough laundry soap 

 has been added to make a thick paint. Carbolic acid is then 

 added to this mixture at the rate of one pint to ten gallons. 

 This should be applied frequently enough to keep the stems 

 completely coated from the first of May to the middle of 

 August during the first and second seasons. 



