20 



is a nuisance but is only borne on pistillate or female trees. It is long- 

 lived and although in youth it needs some pruning, yet it is a very 

 desirable shade tree for the drier parts of the state, reaching its best 

 development, however, along the Red River. 



AMERICAN ELM ( Ulmus americana) The American elm is prob- 

 ably the best shade tree over a larger area than any other tree in this 

 country. It is the pride of New England cities, and has proven its 

 value in the Panhandle towns. It does best in rich moist loam but 

 thrives remarkably well on dry alkali soils. It is not a fast grower but 

 attains a great size and age features desirable in shade trees. The elm 

 develops a high spreading crown adapted to wide avenues. In some 

 regions it is badly injured by scales, borers, and defoliating insects, but 

 in Texas it is fairly free and not more susceptible than many less de- 

 sirable trees. In the southern part of the state it suffers from the heat 

 and loses its foliage early in the season, but in the northern and eastern 

 sections this defect is not noticeable. 



CEDAR ELM (Ulmus crassifolia) A native tree with small leaves. 

 It is smaller, and shorter lived than American elm. It becomes too 

 bushy to be a good shade tree and should never be used where American 

 elm can be obtained. 



SLIPPERY ELM (Ulmus fulva)The slippery elm is inferior to 

 the American elm, being smaller and shorter lived. It has a poorer form 

 than American elm but is a fair shade tree. 



EVERGREENS As a general rule evergreens are not desirable street 

 trees but make excellent ornamental trees and with proper grouping 

 give good mass results. Nearly all evergreens are difficult to trans- 

 plant and show relatively slower growth than deciduous trees. 



HIMALAYAN CEDAR (Cedrus deodora)T\iQ Himalyan cedar is 

 an Asiatic species which has light foliage resumblrng that of the fir trees 

 somewhat. It has the conical habit typical of most evergreens of the 

 cedar, fir and spruce type. It grows rather rapidly and seems to stand 

 a considerable amount of dry weather, making a very desirable conifer 

 for this region. 



CAMPHOR TREE (Cinnamomum camphora)A Chinese broad- 

 leaved evergreen of medium size which grows rather rapidly and makes 

 an excellent street tree. This tree is the source of commercial camphor 

 which is made by boiling chips of wood. 



ITALIAN CYPRESS (Cupressus sempervirens) This European 

 tree is an excellent one for specimen planting but should be used spar- 

 ingly. It is narrowly conical in form, thus furnishing little shade. 

 The foliage is dark green, the cones golden brown and very showy. 



ARIZONA CYPRESS (Cupressus arizonica) A native of Arizona, 

 this tree is a very handsome evergreen with silvery blue foliage. It 

 makes a rather rapid growth and becomes a medium sized tree similar 

 in shape to Italian cypress. It appears to stand drought pretty well, and 

 for color effect it takes the place filled by blue spruce and white fir in 

 the north. 



