27 



FORMULA FOR LI M K-SULl'IIUR SPRAY 



Unslaked lime -10 Ibs., flowers of sulphur 30 Ibs., water 100 gallons. 



Ilcai the water, and to oJie-Jiall' the quantity add the lime. The slak- 

 ing linir will boil the water, to which the sulphur, mixed as a paste 

 with a little water, should be added and the whole, stirred. Finally add 

 the rest of the water and strain before using in the sprayer. 



Another good remedy is kerosene emulsion prepared as follows : 



KEROSENE EMULSION 



Whale oil soap ^ pound, kerosene oil 2 gallons, water 1 gallon. 



Boil water, dissolve soap and add kerosene, pumping vigorously until 

 the oil goes into emulsion, forming a creamy stock solution, which should 

 be diluted with fifteen to twenty times its bulk of water for use in sum- 

 mer spraying for soft-bodied insects. 



Some miscible oils are on the market which do not require hot water 

 or strenuous pumping before being ready for use. 



Men 1 1/ l/ugs should be sprayed with kerosene emulsion or with carbolic 

 acid solution, which is prepared as follows: 



CARBOLIC ACID EMULSION 



Whale oil soap iO pounds, crude carbolic acid 5 gallons, water 35 

 gallons. 



Heat the water and add the soap. After it is dissolved add the acid 

 and boil for twenty minutes. Use twenty parts of water to one of the 

 stock emulsion. This is good for soft scales and plant lice as well as- 

 mealy bugs. 



Plant Lice. These insects multiply very rapidly and do severe dam- 

 age to the tender growing parts of trees. They should be sprayed with 

 carbolic acid emulsion, kerosene emulsion, or soap wash. 



SOAP WASH 



Whale oil soap or hard laundry soap 1 pound, water 5 gallons. 

 Borers may be divided again into bark borers and wood borers. Bark 

 borers are specially dangerous as they attack a tree in the cambium layer 

 right below the inner bark. This is the growing part of the tree, and 

 if the cambium is girdled the circulation of plant food is cut off, causing 

 death. Borers are worm-like grubs which develop into moths or beetles 

 after spending most of their life cycle m the bark of the tree. Their 

 presence can be detected by the entrance or exit holes, by the boring 

 du.-t, and in the spring of the year by the flow of sap from the boring 

 galleries. Bark-borers frequently kill out large trees, and should be 

 promptly combated. They commonly breed in dead or dying trees, so 

 the first step is to get rid of all trees which constitute a public nuisance 

 by harboring insect pests. This will largely eliminate the source of 

 snpplv. There is no positive preventive for borers, but whitewash or 

 cement paint will act as a deterrent. 



WHITEWASH FOR BORERS 



Quick lime 3 pounds, caustic potash 2 ounces, crude carbolic acid, 1 

 ounce, water 2 gallon?. 



