ORCHARD HEATING 33 



of fuel, price of fruit, etc.; under some conditions it will pay, 

 while under others it will not. The only way to tell is by the 

 following very simple mathematical analysis which is fully and 

 clearly explained in words as it is developed. From a study 

 of this and the numerous examples and graphs worked out, one 

 should be able to tell in any locality by the same reasoning 

 whether he should heat or not. 



Expressing these factors mathematically let P stand for 

 the money invested in the land, buildinigs, machinery, etc. 



Let "I" represent the interest rate at which money can be 

 borrowed. 



Let "i" be the interest above I i. e., if a business man bor- 

 rowed money at 8% and bought an orchard, paid some one to 

 run it and made a profit of 10% then after he has paid his 

 8%, he has made 2 per cent. "I" in this case would be 8 per 

 cent and "i" would be 2 per cent. He should make something be- 

 cause he is taking a risk of going behind. Many farmers con- 

 sider their place as a home (against which interest should not 

 be charged) which gives employment to themselves and children 

 and do not expect more than two to six percent on the value of 

 the place. 



Let "b"= the number of boxes of fruit obtained per acre. 



Let "s"= the selling price per box o'r what the farmer gets 

 per box when the Ifruit is picked and packed, 



Let "k"= the price of picking and packing a box of fruit to 

 cars. 



Let "c"= the cost of producing an acre of fruit except pick- 

 ing; and packing and the interest on the investment and includes, 



Maintenance Costs Material Costs 



Manuring Spraying 



Cultivators Manure 



Pruning Gasoline and oil 



Brush Handling Fixed Costs 



Irrigation Taxes 



Thinning Water tax 



Propping Insurance 



Spraying Equipment charge 



Cover Crop Packing house charge 



Miscellaneous Labor 



