364 FISHING IN AMERICAN WATERS. 



of fish-culture left in Europe which supplies fecundated ova 

 but the national one of Huningue, and by this one all appli- 

 cants are served by order of the French government free 

 of expense. 



The liberality of France in bestowing ova and young fishes 

 on all applicants did not prevent her from deriving the re- 

 spectable revenue in 1862 for her fresh-water fisheries of 

 $4,000,000. In 1861 the Huningue establishment distributed 

 about 9,000,000 ova, and in 1862 about 12,000,000. 



The paramount reason for artificial culture is based on the 

 known fact that of every thousand salmon or trout hatched 

 in a stream in the natural way, not more than one arrives at 

 marketable size ; and as a salmon yields about one thousand 

 ova to the pound, a pair of salmon would scarcely yield 

 twenty-five per cent, if hatching in a stream where the eggs 

 and alevins are unprotected, while if the 20,000 eggs were 

 hatched artificially and the young salmon protected, the in- 

 crease to marketable size would generally be two thousand 

 per cent. 



The numerous successes resulting from artificial propaga- 

 tion, and restocking and newly stocking waters in France, has 

 had a favorable influence throughout the civilized world, so 

 that within a few years Belgium, Holland, Switzerland, Ger- 

 many, Italy, and Spain have establishments of fish-culture. 



On the British Isles great results have been accomplished 

 near Galway and on the River Tay, so that the rentals of 

 some fisheries have increased fifty per cent. Through the 

 enterprise of Mr. Francis, of the Field, some of the waters of 

 Australia have been stocked by ova transported from En- 

 gland fifteen thousand miles ! He has also succeeded in 

 stocking a river in New Zealand in the same manner. The 

 River Plenty, first stocked in Tasmania, has proved a success 

 in both trout and salmon. 



That the gigantic rebellion has delayed action by the 

 United States government is quite natural; but one of the 

 paramount duties of government is to increase the stock of 



