88 



COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



PIG. 54.-stomach >f the 

 Porpoise: c, cardiac; p, 



pyloric. 



opening, leading into the intestines is called pyloric. In 

 the Carnivores, Apes, and most odd-toed quadrupeds, the 

 stomach resembles that of Man. That 

 of the toothless Ant-eater has the 

 lower part turned into a kind of giz- 

 zard for crushing its food. The Ele- 

 phant's is subdivided by numerous 

 folds. In the Horse, it is constricted 

 in the^ middle ; and in the Rodents, 

 Porpoises, and Kangaroos, the con- 



r .' . => 



stnction is carried so far as to make 

 two or three sections. But animals that chew the cud 

 (Ruminants) have the most complex stomach. It is di- 

 vided into four peculiar chambers : First, the paunch 

 (rumen), the largest 

 of all, receives the 

 half- masticated food 

 when first swallowed. 

 The inner surface is 

 covered with papillae, 

 except in the Camel, 

 which has large cells 



for Storing Up water. FIG. 55. Stomach of the Lion: c, cardiac orifice, or 

 From this, the food entrance of o^phagnB^pyloric. 



passes into the honev-comb stomach (reticulum), so named 

 from its structure. Liquids swallowed usually go directly 

 to this cavity, without passing through the paunch, arid 



Fio. 56. Complex Stomach of a Ruminant : a, gullet ; 6, rumen, or paunch ; c, reticn- 

 lum ; rf, psalterinm, or manyplies; e, abomasus; /, pylorus leading to duodenum. 



