284 



COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



maxillae, which works like the "screw" of a propeller. 

 The heart is a single oval cavity, and drives arterial blood 

 a dusky fluid full of corpuscles. The alimentary canal 

 consists of a short gullet, a gizzard -like stomach, and a 

 straight intestine. 



Crustaceans pass through a series of strange metamor- 

 phoses before reaching their adult form. They also peri- 

 odically cast the shell, or moult, every part of the integu- 

 ment being renewed; and another remarkable endowment 

 is the spontaneous rejection of limbs and their complete 

 restoration. Many species are 

 found in fresh water, but the class 

 is essentially marine and carnivo- 

 rous. 



Of the numerous orders of this 

 great class we will mention only 

 four: 



1. OirripedSj distinguished by 

 being fixed, by having a shelly 

 covering, and by their feathery 

 arms (cirri). Such are Barnacles 

 (Lepas) and A corn-shells (Balanus), 

 so common on rocks and timbers 

 a Te- by the sea-shore, 

 tradecapod. u. s. coast. 2. Entomostracdns, which agree 



in having a horny shell and no abdominal limbs; repre- 

 sented by the little Water-fleas (Cyclops] of our ponds, and 



FHJ. 252. Amphithoe maculata; a Sand-flea. 



the Brine-shrimps (Artemia), and many others. The King- 

 crabs (Limulus) and the extinct Trilobites were formerly 



