88 



COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



opening, leading into the intestines is called pyloric. In 

 the Carnivores, Apes, and most odd-toed quadrupeds, the 

 stomach resembles that of Man. That 

 of the toothless Ant-eater has the 

 lower part turned into a kind of giz- 

 zard for crushing its food. The Ele 

 phant's is subdivided by numerous 

 folds. In the Horse, it is constricted 



FK 54. -Stomach of the ^ the mlddle 5 and in the ^dentS, 



Porpoise : c, cardiac open- Porpoises, and Kangaroos, the con- 

 ing IP, pyloric opening. '.*. . . -, 



striction is carried so far as to make 

 two or three sections. But animals that chew the cud 

 (Ruminants) have the most complex stomach. It is di- 

 vided into four peculiar chambers : First, the paunch 

 (rumen), the largest 

 of all, receives the 

 half -masticated food 

 when first swallowed. 

 The inner surface is 

 covered with papillae, 

 except in the Camel, 

 which has large cells 



for Storing Up Water. FIG. 55. Stomach of the Lion: c, cardiac orifice, i 

 From this, the food entrance of oesophagus ; ^pyloricoi-mce. 



passes into the honey-comb stomach (reticulum\ so named 

 from its structure. Liquids swallowed usually go directly 

 to this cavity, without passing through the paunch, and 



FIG. 56. Complex Stomach of a Ruminant: a, gullet; b, rumen, or paunch ; c, rcticn- 

 lum ; d, psalterium, or manyplies; e, abomasus; /, pylorus leading to d 



