150 



COMPAKAilVE ZOOLOGY. 



FIG. 115 Skeleton of the Tortoise (plast-on removed) 

 sal vertebrae ; d, ribs; e, marginal boi 

 coid ; &, coracoid ; /, pelvis ; i', femur 



: a, cervical vertebrse ; c, dor- 

 ?s of the carapace; I, scapula; k, precora- 

 g, tibia ; h, fibula. 



FIG. 116. Skeleton of a Vulture : 1, cranium the parts of which are separable only 

 in the chick; 2, cervical vertebrae; 3, dorsal ; 4, coccygeal, or caudal; the lumbar 

 and sacral are consolidated; 5, ribs; 6, sternum, or breast-bone, extraordinarily 

 developed; 7, furculum, clavicle, or "wish-bone;" 8, coracoid ; 9, scapula ; 10, 

 humerns; 11, ulna, with rudimentary radius; 12, metacarpals ; 13, phalanges of 

 the great digit of the wing; 19, thumb ; 14, pelvis ; 15, femur ; 16, tibia-tarsus and 

 fibula, or crus; IT, tarso-metatarsus ; 18, internal digit, or toe, formed of three 

 phalanges ; the middle toe has four phalanges ; the outer, five ; and the back toe, 

 or thumb, two. 



