Mule Deei 



considering the fine technical points of difference, the described 

 forms are as follows. 



/. Virginia Deer. Odocoileus virginianus (Boddaert). Southern 



States north of Florida and Louisiana to the Middle States. 

 2. Northern Deer. O. virginianus borealis Miller. Rather larger 



and grayer. 



Range. New England States and Canada to northern New York. 

 j. Banner-tailed Deer. O. virginianus macrourus (Rafinesque). 



Smaller and paler coloured. 

 Range. Kansas, Nebraska, and the Dakotas, etc. 



4. Florida Deer. O. osceola Bangs. Very small, and exceedingly 



dark coloured, about one quarter smaller than the Virginia deer. 

 Range. Florida. 



5. Louisiana Deer. O. louisiance G. Allen. Similar but larger. 

 Range. Louisiana. 



6. Texan or Fan-tailed Deer. O. texensis (Mearns). A small very 



pale deer with small antiers. 

 Range. Texas and northern Mexico. 



7. Arizona Deer. O. couesi (Rothrock). Small and pale in colour 



but with no black edgings to the ears. 

 Range. Arizona and Northern Mexico. 



8. White-tailed^ Deer. O. leucurus (Douglass). Similar to the 



banner-tail. 



Range. California to Washington. 

 (Illustrations facing pp. 44, 45, 52, and 53.) 



Mule Deer 



Odocoileus bemionus (Rafinesque) 

 Also called Black-tailed deer. 



Length. 6 to 7 feet. Height at shoulder. 3 feet 4 inches. Length of 

 antlers, 25-30 inches. 



Description. Body heavy, ears very large, thickly haired, tail white with 

 black tip, naked below at the base. Pale dull yellowish in summer, 

 bluish-gray in autumn, front of the face between the eyes dusky, 

 rest of face, throat, abdomen and inside of legs white. Antlers 

 forking equally (dichotomous) and each prong again bifurcate. 

 (Illustration facing p. 56.) 



Ranpe. North Dakota to Texas and Colorado and west to Washington, 

 Oregon and northern California. Closely allied varieties occur in 

 California south of San Francisco. 



Unless we are familiar with an animal it is often difficult to know 

 the origin of the popular names that have been bestowed upon it. In 

 the present case we should on first thought picture a large, heavy 



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