PEEPAEATION OF THE SOIL. 63 



lying on the surface of the slopes as shown in figure 5. 

 Trained in this manner, grapes are said to have 



Figure 5. 



ripened well in England. "We would prefer the 

 vertical trellis, however, and give the illustration, 

 more to show what has been proposed than as an 

 example to be followed. So many times have we 

 seen it proposed to incline trellises and train vines 

 horizontally, that we cannot refrain from quoting 

 Lindley's remarks upon this point. 



" Tliat training a tree over the face of a wall will 

 protect the blossoms from cold must be apparent, 

 when we consider the severe effect of excessive eva- 

 poration upon the tender parts. A merely low 

 temperature will produce but little comparative in- 

 jury in a still air, because the more essential parts 

 of the flower are very much guarded by the bracts, 

 calyx - and petals, which overlie them, and, more- 

 over, because radiation will be intercepted by the 



