PEOPAGATION OF THE VINE. 183 



plant the cuttings in rows twelve to eighteen inches 

 apart and six to eight inches apart in the rows. They 

 may be planted either in holes made by a dibble or 

 laid in trenches made by the spade — the earth from 

 the next trench being used to fill up the trench in 

 which the cuttings are placed. Some authors direct 

 us to place them perpendicularly, but we have always 

 obtained the best results when they were placed as 

 shown in Fig 49. In placing them, always be careful 



Fig. 49. 



to have the end bud which is out of the soil upper- 

 most, and be careful that the end be cut with a slant, 

 the same as that in the figure, so that it will not throw 

 the rain on to the bud as in that case it may cause it 

 to rot. In long cuttings the upper bud should be 

 left about three inches above the surface of the soil, 

 BO that it may not be covered by the coat of mulch, 

 which it is well to apply. Short cuttings must be 

 inserted more deeply, but in all cases the bud should 

 be uncovered unless in very late planting. "We are 

 aware that many advise the bud to be covered, but 

 our own experience has been uniformly against itt 



