APPENDIX II. 



355 



following year, at the winter pruning, the strongest of the three 

 shoots resulting from thence is chosen ; the two others are 

 taken away and the remaining one is cut at 20 inches above the 

 point whare it is attached to the frame. In summer it is allowed 

 to retain but three buds, which give place to three new shoots. 

 The best of these is again chosen and extended also to 20 inches. 

 The same process is repeated till the vertical stalk reaches the 

 point where it is intended to support lateral branches. Then 

 the same series of operations is employed as in the first case. 



This method of forming the main stalks has this advantage, 

 that each pair of lateral branches being separated by a regular 

 interval of 10 inches and by a knotty place at the point of 

 attachment of the successive extensions, the course of the 

 sap is arrested below every one of these knots and thus obliged 

 to act with the same intensity on all the lateral branches of the 

 same stalk. Such is not the use in the vertical cordons which 

 are more rapidly formed, as they are more extended at each 

 pruning. 



Cake nbokssaey to the Lateeal Beanohes. — First Year. — 

 The essential principles of pruning the lateral branches are the 

 following : In the case of the vine, the clusters are attached to 



Hg. 91. 



shoots proceeding from the branches of the preceding summer 

 (Fig. 91). The shoots accidentally developed on the old wood 

 never bear grapes (Fig. 92). 



The further the buds are removed from the base of the 

 branch, the more fruitful are the shoots to which they give rise. 



