Mr. J. Gould on new Species o/Eudyptes. 217 



where they are reduced to such a small size and removed so far towards 

 the outer edge of the stermim as in the one under consideration. 



The separation of the caudal plates, which is universal in all the 

 Freshwater Tortoises and Marine Turtles which have come under my 

 examination, is not found in any other genus of Land Tortoises that 

 I am aware of: but in several species of the true Testudines there is 

 a more or less distinct groove, showing where the plates are united ; 

 and in Manouria they are quite separate. 



The head is covered with symmetrical small shields. The jaws are 

 crenulated on the edge, without any distinct sharp hook at the top 

 of the upper one. The neck is covered with small granular scales. 

 The fore-feet are depressed, club-shaped, covered with large, thick, 

 triangular, sharp-tipped shields, forming five rather irregular rows 

 on the front or upper surface. The outer side of the under surface 

 and the soles of the fore-feet are covered with large flattened plates. 

 The fore-claws are five in number, large, thick, conical, acute, and 

 nearly of an equal size, the outer one being rather the smallest. The 

 hind-feet are large, with four very large, strong, conical, acute claws, 

 the outer one on each foot being rather smaller than the others, 

 which are all of equal size. The soles of the hind-feet are covered 

 with large, unequal-sized scales — those on the hinder edge being 

 largest — thick, conical, trihedral, and prominent. 



On each side of the hinder part of the body, near the tail, is a group 

 of large triangular scales, — the hindermost, nearest the base of the 

 tail, being very large, conical, and prominent, forming a large spur. 



Tail short, conical, with three rows of flat shields above, and three 

 or four rows of squarer, smaller ones beneath. 



The Manouria fusca appears to inhabit Pinang, where Dr. Cantor 

 says it is " found on the great hill at Pinang at a distance from water;" 

 also Java, as I cannot discover from Mr. Le Conte's description that 

 there is any specific difi^erence between his Teleopus luxatus and my 

 species from Pinang ; and hkewise Australia, for the specimen which 

 we have received from Mr. Gould is marked the " Murray River 

 Tortoise," and it came with a collection of the skins of mammalia 

 and reptiles which are all Australian. There is very little diiference 

 between the three specimens of this Tortoise which we have in the 

 British Museum Collection, two of them from Pinang and the other 

 from Australia. They vary a little in the size and form of the pec- 

 toral plates, and in the size of the axillary and inguinal plates, but 

 not more than is the case with other Tortoises of the same species. 



Nov. 27, I860.— Dr. Gray, F.R.S., V.P., in the Chair. 



Mr. Gould brought under the notice of the meeting several Crested 

 Penguins, and remarked that there appeared to be some species of 

 this truly oceanic group which had not yet been characterized. Upon 

 the present occasion, however, he only referred to those forming the 

 genus Eudyptes, and, after a few cursory observations upon the de- 

 scribed species of that form, proceeded to characterize two others from 



Ann. k Map. N. Hist. Ser. 3. Vol. vii. 15 



