578 



Our Surroundings 



Name Dates 



Rumford, B. T., Count 1753-1814 

 (rum'ferd) 



Scheele, K. W. (sha'le) 1742-1786 



Steinmetz, C. P. 1865-1923 



(stin'mets) 



Stiles, C. W. 1867- 



Virchow, R. (vur'chow) 1821-1902 



Watt, J. 1736-1819 



Wright, Orville 1871- 1 



Wright, Wilbur 1867-19125 



Zeppelin, F., Count von 1838-1917 

 (tsep--len') 



Outstanding Contributions 



First to recognize heat as a form of 

 motion. Improved design of fire- 

 place and chimney. 



Advanced the science of chemis- 

 try. Discovered chlorine, glycerine, 

 baryta, tartaric acid, and prussic 

 acid. 



Great expert in the improvement of 

 electrical devices. 



Discovered hookworm in southern 

 United States. 



Discovered the cellular structure of 

 organs and tissues, and how cells 

 reproduce. Applied this knowl- 

 edge to the treatment of disease. 



Invented the first practical steam 

 engine. 



Invented the airplane. 

 Developed the dirigible balloon. 



FACT AND THOUGHT QUESTIONS 



1. Define: (a) scientist; (b) inventor. 



2. Name some great scientist living today. What is his field of science? 



3. Mention some great invention made within your lifetime. By whom 

 was it made? 



4. Could there be great practical inventions if there were no scientists? 

 Why? 



5. Who of the scientists discussed in this chapter developed methods of 

 scientific research that have greatly helped other scientists? 



6. Who of the scientists discussed were also practical inventors? 



7. State some ways in which the work of one scientist may help another. 



8. Tell all you can about Francis Bacon. 



9. Complete these statements : 



(a) Bell invented the . 



(b) The phonograph was the invention of . 



10. What scientific services have been rendered by James Watt? Isaac 

 Newton? James Prescott Joule? The Wright Brothers? Dr. Albert 

 A. Michelson? Robert A. Millikan? Albert Einstein? Irving Lang- 

 muir? Arthur H. Compton? 



11. What invention of Galileo is a common household appliance? 



12. Edward Jenner's great discovery has led to what common health 

 regulation? 



13. Who of the other scientists mentioned have contributed to the proper 

 treatment of disease? 



