188 APPENDIX 



Winter Range. The pin-tail is common in winter on 

 the coast of North Carolina, and is not uncommon coast- 

 wise as far south as Florida; many spend the winter in 

 Cuba, a few pass to Jamaica, and there is one record of 

 the species in Porto Rico ; it is one of the common winter 

 ducks from Mexico to Costa Rica, rare in Panama ; a 

 few winter as far north as Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 

 while accidentals in winter have been recorded from 

 Long Island and Lynn, Mass. Only a few winter in the 

 Mississippi Valley north of southern Illinois, and thence 

 the winter home extends through Texas, New Mexico, 

 and Arizona to the Pacific coast, where it is abundant 

 at this season as far north as southern British Columbia. 

 The species winters casually in southern Ohio and south- 

 ern Indiana, while of late years it has become a regular 

 local winter resident in southern Wisconsin. 



Spring Migration. The pin-tail vies with the mallard 

 in the earliness of its spring movements ; these two, with 

 the Canada goose, are among the first of the water fowl 

 to wing their way northward. Even in February, while 

 winter still holds sway, restless adventurers appear in 

 much of the region, which, except in a few favored 

 spots, forbids residence through the winter. The average 

 date of arrival of these birds in central Indiana (fourteen 

 years) is Feb. 21; southern Illinois (twelve years), Feb. 

 26; central Missouri (fourteen years), Feb. 26; Keokuk, 

 la. (fourteen years), Feb. 18; central Kansas (seven 

 years), Feb. 21 ; southern Nebraska (five years), Feb. 23. 

 Farther north average dates of arrival are: Erie, Pa., 

 March 11 (earliest, Feb. 23, 1891); northwestern New 

 York, March 25 (earliest, Feb. 25, 1902) ; southern On- 

 tario, April 18; Ottawa, Out, April 30; Montreal, April 



