24 PACIFIC STATES FLOBAL CONGRESS. 



admirer of fine single specimens, but they should be planted, in my 

 judgment, about the margins of the groups by the edge of the lawn, not 

 in the middle. Nothing gives more character to the landscape than 

 a large space of open lawn. It gives dignity, repose, and character 

 to the surroundings, but of course it should not be out 'of proportion 

 to the size of the place. If the grounds are large, so should also the 

 lawn be. If the house is small, the lawn should not be large. A small 

 house set in the middle of a large lawn does not look well, as it causes 

 the building in the center to look very small and by no means propor- 

 tionable to it. Neither does a large building situated in the midst of 

 a small, contracted space present a pleasing picture. In all cases the 

 lawn should not be too large for the building, nor the building too large 

 for the lawn, for unless the parts agree in harmony, the whole will be 

 a disappointment, and to a certain extent a failure. 



When possible, a proportion of all pleasure-grounds should be formed 

 of water. If a landscape has not water effects, it lacks one of the most 

 desirable features, and the larger the grounds, the greater area should 

 be given to water, and whatever shape these waters take, whether pool, 

 lake, or running stream, they should be given natural-appearing mar- 

 gins. Groups of rock, clumps of bushes, groves of trees, such as birch, 

 alder, poplar, and willow, should be planted; masses of underwood 

 should also be set out, in order to give variety to the outline, and to 

 lend those lights and shadows which are ever changing and always- 

 pleasing. 



Where the area is very large, an island or two might be introduced 

 near some point or promontory, but care should be taken to avoid plac- 

 ing it in the middle, as it would then have a tendency to divide the area 

 into sections, and make the lake appear smaller than it really is; but 

 when placed near the edge, it lends an idea of extent which it otherwise 

 would not possess. 



In the water, and not too far from the shore line, groups of water 

 lilies should find a home, and along the edge of the water masses of 

 Japanese and other iris might be planted to give a finish to the scene. 

 A park should contain great groves of trees, masses of shrubbery, 

 acres of wildwoods with thick undergrowth, large, open lawns and 

 meadows, lakes, rocky slopes, waterfalls, and rivulets, the larger the 

 better. It should also have children's quarters and playgrounds for 

 children, recreation grounds where the youth of the cities may romp at 

 will and practise their outdoor sports, a lake where they may row and 

 paddle, music grounds and conservatories, deep dells and deer parks r 

 elk groves, as well as inclosures for buffalo, and aviaries for the hous- 

 ing of song birds and birds of bright plumage, and it should also 

 have driveways, bridle roads, bicycle ways, and footpaths connecting the 



