158 PACIFIC STATES FLORAL CONGRESS. 



Oblong-lanceolate, acute, crenate-dentate, or entire, conspicu- 

 ously veined, tomentose beneath; cups and acorns v en- 

 large. An insular species. Cotton-leaf Oak 



16. <. tinci>telld. 

 BLACK OAKS. 



B. Bark dark, often nearly black, wood reddish; stamens 4 to (i, stigmas on long 

 styles; nut mostly hard-shelled with bitter astringent seeds, inner surface of nut. 

 silky-tomcntose; abortive ovules toward apex of the seed; 4 species. 



I. Maturation annual. 



Leaves usually persistent until the appearance of the new crop. 

 Oval, orbicular or oblong, entire or sinuately spinose-dentate; nut ovate 

 or elongated to an acute point, 1 to 1 inches long. Field Oak. . 



17. V- iif/t-iffifia. 



II. Maturation biennial. 



(a) Leaves persistent. (Live Oaks.) 



Lanceolate-oblong or elliptical, entire or spinosely-dentate toward the apex, 

 coated with pale or fulvous tomentum on lower surface; veins very 

 prominent; nut deeply inserted in the small hemispherical cup, ovate 

 to oblong, to 1 inch long. White-leaf Oak . . 18. (. hypoleuai. 



Oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 2 inches long, entire or sinuately dentate, dark green 

 and lustrous above; firm, coriaceous; nut slender, tapering, lineate, J 

 to 1J inches long. Live Oak 10. <}. Wislizeni. 



(b) Leaves deciduous. 



Oblong or obovate, deeply lobed, lobes tapering, acute or broad and 

 obovate, repand-dentate or entire, glabrous or pubescent when 

 young; nut large, oblong, often mostly concealed in the broad 

 scaly cup. Black Oak. Kellogg Oak. '. . . 20. Q. . California. 



Pasania (CHESTNUT OAKS). 



A sub-generic name given by Oersted to a group of Chestnut-like Oaks of 

 eastern Asia, one species only being on the Western Continent and that in 

 California. Leaves oval or elliptical, coarsely serrate, often large, 3 to 5 inches 

 long, staminate flowers in long aments, large and erect; nut large, often sub- 

 triangular at apex, tomentose, 1 to 1 inches long; shell very thick and hard. 

 Chestnut Oak. Tan-bark Oak 21. Q. ilnixifarit. 



DISTRIBUTION OF WESTERN OAKS. 



IX CALIFORNIA 12 SPECIES. 



Q. Lobata, Gai-rt/ann, Breweri, Sadlcriana, Dougla.sii,, Enqehnanni, dumoaia, rJiry.iolepifi, 

 foment e.ll a, Wixlizeni, California., and dmsiflora. 



CALIFORNIA AND NORTHWARD, 4 SPECIES. 



Q. Garryatin, Sadlerinint, Calif or nicn, and densiflora. 



ONLY 'IN CALIFORNIA, 4 Sl'KCIKS. 



Q. Lbat<i, ftrewf)-;, Dougta*!.!., and Enge.lm,anni. 



CALIFORNIA AND SOUTHWARD, 5 SPECIES. 



Q. Dumosa, chryftolepix, and var. Palmer'^ tonicntelln, agrifolin, and Wislizeni. 



MEXICAN OAKS, REACHING ARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO, 7 SPECIES. 



Q. Gambelii, undnlatn, obhmgifolia, retimlala, Kmun/i, tomentelta, and hypoleuca. 



ONLY IN ARIZONA, 2 SPECIES. 



Q. Arizonica and Toumei/i. 



