178 PACIFIC STATES FLORAL CONGRESS. 



and are then heavily irrigated, as I have spoken of. In the fall the 

 ground has not then become cold, and so, even if there be a frost at 

 night, the roses bloom if the sun shines, for a night's frost does not 

 hurt a rose blooming in the open. 



Koses must have sun to bloom well. The rose is truly a sun flower. 

 California excels Oregon in producing hothouse roses in winter, 

 because it has more sun at that time, even if the days are chilly. In 

 the hothouse the florist can control the inside conditions. But such 

 roses must have the direct rays of the sun to bloom. 



CLIMBING ROSES. 



The first rose to bloom with me in quantities in the spring is that 

 hardy climber, Mine. Alfred Carriere. Its exquisite large roses 

 nearly white usually have stems about two feet long. I have four 

 large bushes. One covers a trellis thirty feet long and nearly twenty 

 feet high. Every spring I am compelled to cut away the tops of the 

 branches to keep them from falling over. Its main branches are as 

 large as my wrist. It is rather a shy bloomer until it is several years 

 old. Then it is one of the most profuse bloomers. For nearly a month 

 I cut hundreds of beautiful roses every week from these four bushes. 

 And yet the late H. B. Ellwanger, in his book on "The Rose," says that 

 Mme. Alfred Carriere is not a free bloomer and is undesirable. This 

 shows how conditions in Oregon affect roses ; for II. B. Ellwanger was 

 a great rosarian and an accurate judge of the proper rating of the 

 qualities of roses. He judged by results in the state of New York, where 

 he lived. 



The tea Noisette family, with the exception of the Marechal Niel, 

 do exceptionally well in Oregon. The Lamarque, the mother and 

 grandmother of the family, with white flowers instead of hair, smiles 

 most benignantly from a trellis in my garden, and adds its exquisite 

 odor to the general perfume. Blessings on thee, Lamarque, not only 

 for thyself, but for the beautiful daughters and granddaughters thou 

 hast blessed us with. 



The Solfaterre is one of our best climbers. It is comparatively 

 hardy, and is a strong grower. Many people do not know its name, 

 and it is often called the "Yellow Lamarque/' 



My house faces the north. Over the front veranda I have two large 

 bushes of Gloire de Dijon. By giving them this northern exposure I 

 have a wealth of golden roses which at a short distance look almost like 

 Marechal Niels. Mme. Alfred Carriere wishes the sun all day. The 

 Gloire de Dijon should have only a short half day of morning sun. 

 More than that makes the flowers open too quickly and fades them. 



Some of the yellow and white Banksia roses grow in Oregon, but 



