xii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



PAGE 



MARKING TREES FOR TAPPING . . . 155 



TAPPING BY HALF-HERRING-BONE . . . .157 



TAPPING A YOUNG TREE . . . . .159 



A SYSTEM OF TAPPING . . . . . .163 



>, ....... 165 



JEBONG KNIFE . . . . . . .175 



BENT GOUGE USED IN TAPPING . . . .175 



COOLIES BRINGING LATEX INTO THE FACTORY . .179 



SHAW'S HAND-DRIVEN MACHINE . . . .187 



ROBINSON'S WASHING-MILL, BELT-DRIVEN . . .189 



A CLAW-CLUTCH-DRIVEN MILL . . . . .190 



BRIDGE'S PATENT "ANGLE" ROLLER MILL . . .192 



A MILL TYPE J.A. . . . -193 



THE "UNIVERSAL" WASHING-MACHINE . . . 195 



WASHING AND CREPING MILL ..... 197 



A BATTERY OF MILLS, BACK-SHAFT-DRIVEN . . .199 



,, DIRECT DRIVE . . . 201 



BRIDGE'S VACUUM DRIER ..... 204 



VIEW OF A RUBBER DRYING-SHED .... 205 



SHAW'S VACUUM DRIER ..... 207 



CULTIVATION BY MEANS OF BULLOCK-PLOUGHS . . 225 



VIEW ON TAMIANG ESTATE, NORTH SUMATRA, SHOWING 



MIMOSA COVERING . . . . . 233 



VIEW OF SUNGEI ULAR ESTATE, SHOWING COVERING OF GRASS 237 

 HILL SLOPE WITH COVERING OF AGERATUM MEXICANUM . 237 

 VIEW OF ROOTS EXPOSED BY WASH OF SOIL . . . 239 



DIAGRAM OF WATER-PITS FOR RETAINING SOIL-WASH . .240 



VIEW OF CONTOUR-DRAINING TO PREVENT SOIL-WASH . 241 



PALISADE PROTECTION FOR ROOTS . . . .241 



VIEW SHOWING WEEDS HEAPED IN LINES . . . 245 



A TREE WHICH HAS FALLEN DOWN AS THE RESULT OF FOMES 257 

 LACE-LIKE FILMS OF FOMES ON ROOTS OF FALLEN TREE . 259 

 FRUCTIFICATION OF FOMES . . . .259 



VIEW ON AN ESTATE IN SIANTAR, SUMATRA, SHOWING 



TRENCHES ISOLATING SUSPECTED TREES . . .261 



MAKING TRENCHES ROUND TREES ATTACKED BY FOMES . 263 

 NEW BRANCHES GROWING FROM TREES TOPPED ON ACCOUNT 



OF PINK DISEASE ...... 265 



DlPLODIA OBSERVED THROUGH THE APPEARANCE OF THE BARK 266 

 A CASE OF PINK BARK DISEASE . . . 267 



BURR GROWTHS (ACTUAL SIZE) .... 269 



YOUNG UNTAPPED TREE SHOWING BURR GROWTHS . . 271 



ILLUSTRATION SHOWING FASCIATION . . .273 



FUMIGATING WHITE ANTS . . . . .276 



TREE ATTACKED BY BORING BEETLES . . . .278 



AN OLD TREE ON SUNGEI ROEAN ESTATE ATTACKED BY 



BORING BEETLES . . . . . .279 



VIEWS OF COOLIE-LINES AND COTTAGES . . .289 



