THE TWEED 27 



from the lieges of the Burgh, or from the folk just north and 

 south of them. 



The Tweed has no natural estuary, but an equivalent has 

 been created by statute in what is termed " the mouth " of the 

 river. The limits of this mouth have been extended beyond 

 the area as at first described. By 22 and 23 Viet. c. 70, par. 4 

 (the Tweed Act of 1859), " the limits of the mouth or entrance 

 of the river Tweed shall be deemed to extend, and shall extend, 

 from the pier called Queen Elizabeth's pier along the sea-coast, 

 on the south side of the said pier, to a point at high water mark, 

 on the said sea-coast, on the south side, distant seven miles 

 measured in a straight line from the lighthouse on the said 

 pier, and along the sea-coast on the north side of the said pier, 

 to the point of boundary at high water mark, between the 

 borough of Berwick-on-Tweed and the kingdom of Scotland, 

 and shall also extend five miles in front of the mouth of the 

 said river, and of the whole line of sea-coast within the boundary 

 points hereinbefore mentioned into the sea such distance 

 towards the sea to be computed by lines drawn at right angles 

 to a line drawn between the said northern and southern 

 extremities ; and the said limit on the south shall be deemed 

 to include, and shall include, the fishery now known as the 

 Holy Island Station of the Goswick Fisheries." 



By the General Scottish Act 26 and 27 Viet. c. 50, par. 4, 

 power was given to extend these limits northwards, and a 

 bye-law was accordingly issued in 1863 establishing " That the 

 limits of the mouth or entrance of the said river Tweed shall 

 extend northwards, from the limits thereof, as defined in the 

 said ' Tweed Fisheries Amendment Act, 1859,' along the 

 sea-coast to the boundaries between the counties of Haddington 

 and of Berwick, and shall also extend into the sea five miles 

 in front of that portion of the coast hereby added to the limits 

 of the said river Tweed, the distance to be measured at right 

 angles with the coast." 



Under the general Acts for Scotland the chief factor deter- 

 mined by the limits of an estuary is the point at which fixed 

 engines must cease in their approach to a river mouth. In 

 the case of the Tweed the definition of the " mouth " last 

 quoted does not, however, carry this significance. The result 

 of the last definition to the Haddingtonshire boundary is to 



