I4 FAMILY KEY 



OO. Petals 5 mm. or less long; stamens 5; leaves entire or finely serrate; 

 winter buds naked; taste of the bark characteristic. 



Rhamnus in RHAMNACEAE (p. 149) 



GROUP 5 Shrubs with alternate compound leaves 



A. Leaves evergreen, coriaceous, spine-toothed at margin, bunched at the stem tips; 



stems not prickly. Berberis in BERBERIDACEAE (p. 103) 



AA. Leaves deciduous or evergreen; the evergreen plants with leaves scattered 



along prickly stems and without spine-toothed leaf margins. 



B. Twigs dark-green, sharply 4-angled, very long; leaflets 3, 2.5 cm. or less long, 

 leaves not abundant; fruit a beanlike pod. Cytisus in LEGUMINACEAE (p. 135) 

 BB. Twigs not dark-green, not angled; leaves and leaflets various; fruit not bean- 

 like. 



C. Either vines or else plants, with prickly stems. ROSACEAE (p. 125) 



CC. Not vines; stems not prickly. 

 D. Leaflets 7-31; fruit red. 



E. Leaflets 13-31, acuminate; stem simple or very little branched; inflores- 

 cence conical, hairy; fruit with red hairs. ANACARDIACEAE (p. 147) 



EE. Leaflets 7-17, acute to obtuse; stem considerably branched; inflorescence 

 flat-topped, glabrous; fruit red, glabrous. Sorbus in MALACEAE (p. 132) 



DD. Leaflets 3-7; fruit red or some other color. 



F. Leaflets subulate to linear, sharp-pointed. POLEMONIACEAE (p. 183) 

 FF. Leaflets not subulate nor sharp-pointed. 



G. Leaflets 0.4-2.5 cm. long; either the plant silky -villous or the leaflets 

 cuneiform. ROSACEAE (p. 125) 



GG. Leaflets 2.5-7.5 cm. long; plant glabrous; leaflets not cuneiform. 



ANACARDIACEAE (p. 147) 



GROUP 6 Shrubs with alternate simple deciduous 

 leaves and spiny or prickly branches 



A. Leaves palmately veined. 



B. Twigs 12-25 mm. thick; leaves 15-40 cm. wide; inflorescence terminal, con- 

 ical, of very many flowers. Echinopanax in ARALIACEAE (p. 162) 

 BB. Twigs 6 mm. or less thick; leaves 7 cm. or less wide; inflorescence lateral and 

 few-flowered, or flowers solitary in the leaf axils. 



C. Plant prostrate, creeping. Rubus in ROSACEAE (p. 125) 



CC. Plant erect or spreading. GROSSULARIACEAE (p. 124) 



AA. Leaves pinnately veined or i -veined. 



D. Spines few, very stout, 1.5-5 cm. long; leaves serrate, ovate to obovate, 



2.5-7.5 cm. long. Crataegus in MALACEAE (p. 132) 



D D . Spines more slender, often shorter ; leaves entire, usually narrower and shorter. 



E. Leaves 8-12 mm. long; petals white. Forsellesia in CELASTRACEAE (p. 147) 



EE. Leaves 12-37 nun. long; petals yellow or none. 



F. Flowers in heads; at least the young parts of the plant white- woolly; petals 

 yellow. Tetradymia in COMPOSITACEAE (p. 218) 



FF. Flowers not in heads; young parts of the plant often mealy or pubescent 

 but rarely white- woolly; petals yellow or none. 



