LILIACEAE (LILY FAMILY) 55 



C. Stem leaves not sheathing; racemes usually simple; perianth segments 4-8 mm. 

 long; capsule 8-12 mm. long. W. C. E. Z. venenosus (DEATH CAMAS) 



CC. Stem leaves usually sheathing; racemes usually panicled; perianth segments 

 2-4 mm. long; capsule 12-24 mm. long. W. C. E. Z. paniculatus 



VERATRUM (FALSE HELLEBORE) 



Tall. Leaves wide, strongly veined, plicate. Flowers in a terminal 

 pubescent panicle, rather large, the lower mostly staminate only. Perianth 

 segments similar. Stamens free. Capsules sessile, membranous, 3-beaked 

 by the persistent diverging styles, septicidal. Seeds flat, margined or winged. 

 (L. vere = true, ater = black ; referring to the root.) Poisonous, specially 

 the roots. 



A. Flowers green; panicle drooping; perianth segments 8-15 mm. long. W. C. E. 



Medicinal plant. V. viride (GREEN HELLEBORE) 



AA. Flowers white; panicle erect; perianth segments 15-20 mm. long. W. C. E. 



V. californicum (WHITE HELLEBORE) 



LILIACEAE (LILY FAMILY) 



Herbs, perennial, with bulbs or corms or rarely with a rhizome, 

 stems scapose or leafy, mostly simple. Flowers perfect, regular, 

 mostly conspicuous. Perianth segments 6, distinct or united; 

 mostly alike in color and form (not in Calochortus}. Stamens 6, 

 or 3 of these replaced by staminodia, on the perianth or the recep- 

 tacle. Styles none (Calochortus), or united partly or wholly. 

 Stigmas i or 3. Ovary 3-celled, superior. Fruit a capsule, 

 loculicidal (septicidal in Calochortus). 



A. Perianth segments plainly united ; inflorescence with scarious bracts ; leaves linear. 

 B. Plants with rhizomes; perianth salverform, white, tube very narrow, segments 

 several-veined; pedicels not jointed; anthers circinate when dry. E. Be- 

 lieved to be poisonous to sheep. (Gk. leukos = white, krinon = a lily; the white 

 flower is lily-like.) Leucocrinum montanum (LEUCOCRINUM) 



BB. Plants with coated bulbs; perianth not salverform, mostly not white, seg- 

 ments i-veined; pedicels jointed; anthers not circinate. 

 C. Perianth funnelform, not saccate at base, various in color. 



HOOKERA (p. 58) 



CC. Perianth broadly tubular, 6-saccate at base, deep scarlet with yellowish lobes. 

 U. C. (Honor of J. C. Brevoort, of New York.) 



Brevoortia idamaia (Ida May's Fire Crackers) 



AA. Perianth segments distinct, or slightly united at base (some species of Allium); 

 leaves various; plants from scaly or solid bulbs. 



D. Odor onion-like; flowers in a terminal umbel, on a scapose stem; inflorescence 

 subtended by a whorl of 2-5 scarious bracts which are distinct or united. 



ALLIUM (p. 56) 



DD. Odor none or not onion-like; flowers not in umbels, or if so stems not scapose; 

 inflorescence not subtended by a whorl of scarious bracts. 



