96 RANUNCULACEAE (BUTTERCUP FAMILY) 



I. Flowers white; stems submerged; leaves filiform when submerged; 

 akenes transversely rugose; petals with a naked spot or pit at base. 



BATRACHIUM (p. 100) 



II. Flowers yellow; stems mostly not submerged; rarely the leaves fili- 

 form; akenes not transversely rugose; petals with a small scale at the 

 base of the claw. RANUNCULUS (p. 101) 



DD. Leaves compound. 

 J. Petals not red; flowers often small; fruit of follicles or akenes, or a red 



berry. 



K. Fruit of akenes, these each i -seeded. 



L. Petals present; leaves rarely ternately more than i -compound; inflores- 

 cence either not panicles nor racemes, or else flowers large; flowers perfect. 

 (See HH.) 



LL. Petals none; leaves ternately 2-3-compound; inflorescence panicles or 

 racemes; flowers small, mostly not perfect. THALICTRUM (p. 102) 



KK. Fruit of follicles or berries, these each several-seeded. 

 M. Fruit of follicles; carpels 2 or more (except sometimes in Cimifuga 

 elata). 



N. Leaves withering in the fall, not all basal; follicles sessile or short- 

 stalked, in heads. 



O. Stems 9-24 dm. high, many-flowered. CIMIFUGA (p. 98) 



OO. Stems 0.5-3 dm. high, i- to several-flowered. ISOPYRUM (p. 97) 



NN. Leaves green throughout the winter, all basal; follicles long-stalked, 



in umbels. COPTIS (p. 97) 



MM. Fruit a red berry; carpel i. ACTAEA (p. 97) 



JJ. Petals red; flowers large; fruit of many-seeded follicles. E. (Honor of 



Paeon, a Greek physician.) Paeonia brownii (PEONY) 



CC. Flowers irregular; leaves palmately-lobed or -cleft or -divided. 



P. Upper sepal spurred. DELPHINIUM (p. 98) 



PP. Upper sepal arched into a hood. ACONITUM (p. 99) 



BB. Flowers regular; petals 5, each with a long tubular spur; leaves ternately 



i-3-compound. AQUILEGIA (p. 98) 



AA. Stem leaves opposite or whorled. 



Q. Stem herbaceous, erect ; stem leaves in a single whorl of 2-3. 

 R. Style short, glabrous or pubescent, not plumose. ANEMONE (p. 99) 



RR. Styles long, filiform, becoming plumose. W. C. E. (Perhaps diminutive 

 of L. pulsare = to beat or pulse; application not clear.) 



Pulsatilla occidentalis (PASQUE FLOWER) 



QQ. Stem of ten woody, erect or viney; stem leaves more than 3, opposite; style 

 plumose. CLEMATIS (p. 100) 



CALTHA (MARSH MARIGOLD) 



Herbs, glabrous. Leaves mostly basal, cordate or reniform. Flowers 

 white or yellow or pink. Sepals petal-like, large, deciduous. Stamens 

 many. Pistils 5-15, sessile. Marsh plants. (Gk. kalathos = a goblet; 

 referring to the form of the flower.) 



A. Stem decumbent, several-leaved; flowers yellow; follicles sessile. W. Poi- 

 sonous. C. palustrls 



