ROSACEAE (ROSE FAMILY) 127 



M. Leaves ternately many times compound. W. C. E. (L. aruncus = the 

 beard of a goat; probably suggested by the long spikes of white flowers.) 



Aruncus aruncus (GOAT'S BEARD) 

 MM. Leaves not ternate, or if so leaflets only 3. 

 N. Leaves palmately- or ternately-veined or -lobed or -compound. 

 O. Fruit of a few fleshy drupelets; vines, alpine; leaves scattered, alternate, 

 distant. RUBUS (p. 131) 



OO. Fruit of dry akenes; not vines with scattered distant leaves. 

 P. Leaves all 3-foliolate. 



Q. Flowers white; plants with runners which give rise to new plants at the 



joints; leaves all basal. FRAGARIA (p. 129) 



QQ. Flowers yellow; plants without runners; leaves usually not all 



basal. 



R. Petals oblanceolate; stamens 5; style lateral; leaflets 6-25 mm. long, 



3-S-toothed at the apex. W. C. E. (Honor of R. Sibbald, a Scotch 



botanist.) Sibbaldia procumbens 



RR. Petals wider; stamens 20; style terminal or nearly so; leaflets often 



longer, usually with more teeth. (See PP.) 



PP. Leaves or some of them not 3-foliolate. POTENTILLA (p. 129) 



NN. At least the basal leaves pinnately- veined or -lobed or -compound. 

 S. Leaves simple, coarsely toothed; alpine caespitose plant; petals 8-9. 

 C. E. (Gk. dryad = a wood nymph; from the forest habitat.) 



Dryas octopetala (ALPINE AVENS) 



SS. Leaves either compound or deeply dissected; petals not 8-9. 

 T. Calyx surrounded by a dense border of hooked prickles. W. (Gk. 

 agros = a field, monos alone; the chief of the field, from its medicinal prop- 

 erties.) Agrimonia gyrosepala (AGRIMONY) 

 TT. Calyx not surrounded by prickles. 



U. Flowers in a dense spike; petals none; calyx segments 4; stamens 2- 

 12; calyx constricted over the fruit. SANGUISORBA (p. 130) 



UU. Flowers not in spikes; petals present; calyx segments rarely 4; sta- 

 mens often more; calyx not constricted over the fruit. 

 V. Style terminal. 



W. Style jointed to the ovary, deciduous; leaves pinnately compound. 

 X. Stamens very near the base of the receptacle cup, on a ringlike 

 thickening. POTENTILLA (p. 129) 



XX. Stamens well up on the receptacle cup, ringlike thickening none. 



HORKELIA (p. 129) 

 WW. Style not jointed to the ovary, at least the lower portion persistent; 



basal leaves mostly lyrate-pinnatifid. 

 Y. Petals yellow or purplish. 



Z. Calyx segments reflexed; styles jointed above the middle, the top 

 deciduous and leaving a hook, not plumose. GEUM (p. 130) 



ZZ. Calyx segments erect or spreading; style not jointed, wholly 

 persistent, hence not hooked, sometimes plumose. 



SIEVERSIA (p. 131) 



YY. Petals white. U. (L.filum = a thread, pendulus = pendulous . 

 said to refer to the roots.) Filipendula occidentalis 



VV. Style lateral. 



