132 MALACEAE (APPLE FAMILY) 



DD. Shrubs, either trailing vines or more erect plants, prickly. 

 E. Flowers red; fruit yellow or garnet; spreading bush, not even the longer branches 

 trailing. W. C. R. spectabilis (SALMONBERRY) 



EE. Flowers white; fruit black; most of the species with the longest branches 



inclined to trail, or all trailing. 



F. Leaves much dissected into 7 to many small segments, evergreen. W. Some- 

 times cultivated. R. laciniatus (EVERGREEN BLACKBERRY) 

 FF. Leaves with 3-5 leaflets, not evergreen (except R. ur sinus west of the Cas- 

 cades). 



G. Trailing vine; carpels not pulling off from the receptacle in fruit (Black- 

 berry). W. C. E. R. ursinus (TRAILING BLACKBERRY) 

 GG. Stems erect or ascending, but the long branches often somewhat trailing; 



carpels pulling off from the receptacle in fruit (Raspberry). 



H. Stems not glaucous; fruit red. E. R. strigosus (WILD RED RASPBERRY) 

 HH. Stems glaucous; fruit black. 

 I. Leaves glaucous beneath. W. C. E. Sometimes cultivated. 



R. leucodermis (BLACKCAP) 

 n. Leaves green beneath. E. R. hesperius 



ROSA (ROSE) 



Leaves odd-pinnate; stipules adnate. Flowers large. Calyx urn- 

 shaped; the tube contracted at the mouth, at length fleshy or berrylike, 

 inclosing the pistils. Pistils many. Akenes crustaceous or bony. 

 (Latin name.) Many cultivated varieties. 



A. Calyx tube and fruit prickly. 



B. Flowers solitary at the ends of short leafy branches; fruit densely spiny. E. 



R. macdougali 



BB. Flowers in corymbs; fruit not spiny. U. R. spithamaea 



AA. Calyx tube and fruit not prickly. 



C. Calyx segments deciduous when fruit is mature; leaflets doubly serrate. 



D. Sepals pinnatifid; leaflets densely resinous beneath, aromatic; spines recurved. 

 W. R. rubiginosa (SWEETBRIER) 



DD. Sepals not pinnatifid; leaflets not resinous beneath, not aromatic; spines 

 straight. W. C. E. R. gymnocarpa (NAKED ROSE) 



CC. Calyx segments persistent. 



E. Infra-stipular spines none. E. R. sayi (PRICKLY ROSE) 

 EE. Infra-stipular spines usually present. 



F. Flowers solitary; rachis of leaves not prickly nor pubescent. W. C. E. 



R. nutkana (NUTKA ROSE) 



FF. Flowers in corymbs, rarely solitary; rachis of leaves prickly or pubescent. 

 W. C. R. pisocarpa (BUNCHED ROSE) 



MALACEAE (APPLE FAMILY) 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple or odd-pinnate; 

 stipules caducous, free or nearly so. Flowers perfect, regular, 

 white or reddish, clustered. Calyx segments 5. Petals 5, on the 

 calyx cup. Stamens mostly 20, on the calyx. Ovary inferior, 

 compound; carpels 2-5; styles as many as the carpels. Fruit 

 apple-like. 



