174 VACCINIACEAE (HUCKLEBERRY FAMILY) 



B. Leaves broadly ovate or subcordate, 2-3.7 cm. long; corolla twice as long as the 

 calyx lobes. W. C. E. G. ovatifolia 



BB. Leaves oval or rounded, 1-2 cm. long; corolla a little surpassing the calyx lobes. 

 C. E. G. humifusa 



ARCTOSTAPHYLOS (BEARBERRY) 



Shrubs or small trees. Leaves wide, usually vertical by a twist of the 

 petiole. Flowers small, white to light red, in racemes or panicles ; clusters 

 terminal. Calyx deeply 4-5 -parted. Corolla urceolate. Stamens 8 or 10; 

 anther cells with reflexed awns, opening by pores. Berry 4-io-celled. 

 (Gk. arktos = a bear, staphyle = a bunch of grapes ; hence a bearberry.) 



A. Plant trailing or with branches erect or ascending; ovary and fruit glabrous 



(BEARBERRY or KINNIKINNICK) 



B. Leaves obtuse or retuse; leaf blade widest above the middle, gradually tapering 

 to the petiole. W. C. E. A. uva-ursi 



BB. Leaves cuspidate; leaf blade often widest below the middle, abruptly petioled. 

 C. A. nevadensis 



AA. Plant erect; ovary and fruit glabrous or hairy. (MANZANITA.) 



C. Ovary glabrous; leaves glabrous. 



D. Leaves dark green; pedicels glabrous; twigs glandular. 

 E. Bracts longer than the pedicels. 



F. Leaves acute at both ends. U. A. hispidula 



FF. Leaves obtuse at both ends. E. A. obtusifolia 



EE. Bracts shorter than the pedicels. U. A. manzanita 



DD. Leaves whitish-green; pedicels glandular or pubescent; twigs not glandular, 

 glabrous or short hairy. U. A. viscida 



CC. Ovary hairy at the top; leaves glabrous, whitish-green; twigs ashy-gray; 

 pedicels minutely hairy, longer than the bracts. U. A. cinerea 



CCC. Ovary densely pubescent or tomentose; leaves somewhat tomentose espe- 

 cially when young; pedicels glandular or hairy. W. C. A. tomentosa 



VACCINIACEAE (HUCKLEBERRY FAMILY) 



Shrubs, erect or trailing. Leaves alternate, simple, evergreen 

 or deciduous. Flowers small, white or pink, perfect. Calyx 

 4~5-lobed to -divided. Corolla 4-5-lobed, or rarely of separate 

 petals. Stamens 8 or 10, epigynous or on the base of the corolla; 

 anthers often awned, opening by pores. Ovary inferior, 2-io-celled. 

 Fruit a berry. 



A. Corolla segments less than half as long as the tube; plants erect or trailing, 

 usually not in peat bogs; leaves deciduous or evergreen; berry red or black or 

 blue. VACCINIUM (p. 175) 



AA. Corolla segments distinct nearly or quite to the base; plants trailing, in peat 

 bogs only; leaves evergreen; berry red. W. C. The cultivated cranberry is 

 V. macrocarpon, which has a larger berry than ours. (Gk. oxus = sour, kokkus 

 a berry; the berries are somewhat acid.) Oxycoccus oxycoccus (CRANBERRY) 



