200 SCROPHULARIACEAE (FIGWORT FAMILY) 



BB. Leaves opposite or whorled. 

 P. Calyx s-toothed or -lobed. 



Q. Corolla gibbous or spurred at base on lower side; seeds many. (See E.) 

 QQ. Corolla gibbous at base on upper side; seeds few. 



R. Corolla deeply 2-lipped, 6-16 mm. long, blue or pink or variegated; leaves 



entire to lobed. COLLINSIA (p. 202) 



RR. Corolla obscurely 2-lipped, 2-10 mm. long, blue or white; leaves lobed 



to 3-5-divided. TONELLA (p. 202) 



QQQ. Corolla neither gibbous nor spurred at base on any side; seeds 



many. 



S. Leaves nearly all basal, entire, linear; stem leaves only 2-4. E. (Gk. 

 chion = snow, phileo = I love; from its habitat.) Chionophila tweedyi 



SS. Not as above in all points. 

 T. Calyx deeply cleft at the front or the rear or both. 



PEDICULARIS (p. 208) 



TT. Calyx about equally notched into 5 teeth or lobes. 

 U. Flowers solitary in the leaf axils, either with 4 anther-bearing stamens 

 and no rudiment of a 5th stamen, or else with 2 anther-bearing stamens and 

 2 rudimentary ones. 



V. Calyx 5-angled to terete, clefts between its teeth not reaching the 

 middle; anther-bearing stamens 4, antherless stamens o; leaves often 

 several-veined from the base. MIMULUS (p. 203) 



W. Calyx terete, clefts between its teeth extending to the middle or be- 

 yond; anther-bearing stamens 2; antherless stamens 2. 

 W. Leaves pinnately veined, 2.5-5 cm. long; corolla white or yellow, 

 812 mm. long; antherless stamens not forked. GRATIOLA (p. 204) 

 WW. Leaves several-veined from the base, 1.2-2.5 cm. long; corolla red 

 or purple, about 6 mm. long; antherless stamens forked. W. C. E. 

 (Gk. ilys = mud, anthos = a flower; from the habitat.) 



Ilysanthes dubia (FALSE PIMPERNEL) 

 UU. Flowers in terminal or axillary clusters, with 4 anther-bearing stamens 



and the rudiments of a sth stamen. 



X. Corolla greenish- or purplish-brown, 8-10 mm. long; 5th stamen rep- 

 resented by a scale on the corolla; herbs. W. C. E. (So named be- 

 cause reputed a cure for scrofula.) Scrophularia californica (FIGWORT) 

 XX. Corolla often some other color, usually longer; 5th stamen a tongue- 

 like filament on the corolla. 



Y. Corolla never white nor yellow; antherless stamen shorter than the 

 others; seed winged. W. C. E. (Gk. chelone = a turtle; the corolla 

 has the shape of a turtle head.) Chelone nemorosa (TURTLEHEAD) 



YY. Corolla sometimes white or yellow; antherless stamen about equal- 

 ing the others; seed wingless. PENTSTEMON (p. 202) 

 PP. Calyx i-4-toothed or -lobed. 



Z. Corolla regular or nearly so, rotate to salverform, never yellow; stamens 2. 



VERONICA (p. 204) 



ZZ. Corolla plainly 2-lipped, tubular, often yellow; stamens 4. 

 a. Leaves entire or with a few bristle-pointed teeth at base; corolla 8-12 mm. 

 long; seeds 2-4. E. (Gk. melas = black, pyros = wheat; referring to 

 the seed of some species.) Melampyrum lineare (COWWHEAT) 



