332 



ELEMENTARY STUDIES IN BOTANY 



FIG. 15. Whip-grafting. After BAILEY. 



there is whip-grafting, in which scion and stock of equal size 

 are spliced and lashed together (Fig. 15) ; inarching, in which 

 two potted plants, for example, are brought together, and 



the scion is fastened 

 to the stock without 

 separation from the 

 parent plant until 

 union has been secured ; bridge- grafting, in which the stock is 

 girdled, and dormant scions, wedge-shaped at each end, are 

 inserted at each edge of the girdle and bound in (Fig. 16). 



33. Budding. In addition to the use of twigs as scions, 

 which may be called true grafting, it is very common to use 

 buds as scions, a method which is bud-grafting, but is usually 

 called simply budding. This consists in in- 

 serting under the bark of a stock plant a bud 

 that has been removed from a scion plant. 

 It is performed in spring or autumn, when 

 the bark peels easily, and is frequently used, 

 instead of twig-grafting, in the propagation 

 of desirable races of fruits, especially of the 

 stone fruits. The bud is sliced from its stem 

 so as to include a little of the wood beneath ; 

 the leaves are removed from the stock in the 

 region to be grafted ; cross slits (usually like 

 a T) are made through the bark of the stock ; 

 the base of the bud is slipped beneath the 

 flaps of bark and bound in position ; and in 

 two or three weeks the bud " sets " and the 

 wrapping is removed. 



All of the operations described in this 

 chapter are merely illustrations of a very extensive practice 

 of vegetative propagation. As opportunity offers, such opera- 

 tions should be witnessed in orchards, nurseries, greenhouses, 

 etc. Furthermore, if suitable plants are available, some of 

 the simpler operations should be undertaken by the students. 



FIG. 16. Bridge- 

 grafting. After 

 BAILEY. 



