354 



ELEMENTARY STUDIES IN BOTANY 



it produces more wheat than any other country, Russia 

 being second, and India third. In 1911 the product from 

 these three countries was 621 million bushels in the United 

 States, 509 million bushels in Russia, and 369 million bushels 

 in India. 



Within the United States, North Dakota produces the 

 most wheat (about 73 million bushels in 1911), and the other 

 wheat-producing states come in the following order : Kansas, 



FIG. 31. Map shaded to show the states of greatest wheat-production. 



Washington, Minnesota, Illinois, Nebraska, Ohio, Missouri, 

 Indiana, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. It will be noticed 

 that these are all north central states excepting Washington 

 (Fig. 31). 



57. Structure of wheat. It is easy to distinguish wheat 

 (Fig. 32), with its spikes (heads), from oats, with its panicles 

 (spreading clusters) ; but barley and rye also have spikes, and 

 one should be able to distinguish wheat at sight from these 

 cereals. Wheat and rye are alike in having a single spikelet 

 at each joint of the axis ; while in barley each joint bears 

 three spikelets (one or two of which may be poorly developed). 



