332 CH^TOPODA. 



lar processes, usually with small eyes. The oral segment mostly with two long 

 tentacular cirri, which are usually grooved. Cirriform branchiae are present. 

 Poly dor a antennata Clap., Naples. Spio seticornis Fabr., north seas. 



Fam. Chaetopteridae. Body elongated and separated into several dissimilar 

 regions. Usually two or four very long tentacular cirri. Dorsal appendages 

 of the middle segments have the shape of wings and are often lobed. The}' 

 live in parchment- like tubes. Telepgavus Costarum Clap., Naples. Ghatopteru* 

 perf/aincntaceits Cuv.. West Indies. 



Fam. Terebellidae. Body vermiform and thicker anteriorly. The thinner 

 posterior portion is sometimes distinctly marked off as an appendage destitute 

 of setoe. The prsestomium is indistinctly separate from the mouth segment. 

 There is frequently a lip above the mouth. Numerous filiform tentacles, usually 

 arranged in two tufts. There are pectinate or branched, rarely filamentous, 

 gills on a few of the anterior segments. Dorsal prominences (notopodia) fur- 

 nished with simple setae, and ventral transverse ridges (neuropodia) with hooked 

 setae. Tcrclclla concliilega Pall., English coast, Mediterranean. Ampliaretc 

 Grille i Malmgr., Greenland and Spitzbergen. Pectinaria auricotna 0. Fr. 

 Mull., North Seas, Mediterranean. Sabdlaria (Hermclla) gpinulosa B. Lkt., 

 Heligoland. 



Fam. Serpulidae. Body usually distinctly divided into two regions (thorax, 

 abdomen). Praestomium fused with the mouth segment, which as a rule is pro- 

 vided with a collar. The mouth is situated between two semicircular or spirall}- 

 eoiled plates, from the anterior margin of which spring the branchial filaments. 

 These have secondary filaments arranged in single or double rows, and may be 

 supported by a cartilaginous skeleton, and have their bases connected by a 

 membrane. Spirographis Spallanzanii, Naples. Salella penicillus Lin., North 

 Seas. S. Koll Uteri Clap., Mediterranean. Protula Rudolplii Risso, Mediterra- 

 nean. Filly rana implexa Berk., Norwegian and English coasts. Serpula nor- 

 veyica G-unn., North Sea and Mediterranean. Spirorlis spirillum Lin., Ocean. 



Order 2. 



Hermaphrodite Choetopoda without pharyngeal armature and para- 

 podia,. There are no tentacles, cirri, or branchice. The development 

 is direct. 



The cephalic region is composed of the prsestoinium, which projects 

 as an upper lip, and the mouth segment. It does not essentially 

 differ from the following segments so as to form a special region (fig. 

 309). Tentacles, palps, and tentacular cirri are never found on it, 

 but tactile papillae are present^in great number, as are also peculiar 

 sense organs which resemble taste buds. Eyes either fail or are 

 present as simple pigment spots. Besides the small gland cells of the 



* Besides the works of W. Hoffmeister, D'Udekem, and others,' compare : 

 E. Claparede, " Kechcrches anatomiques sur les Annelides, etc., observes dans 

 les Hebrides," Geneve, 1860. E. Claparede, "Recherches anatomiques sur les 

 Oligochaitcs," Geneve, 1862. A. Kowalevski. " Embryologische Studien an 

 Wiirmem und Arthropoden (Lumlricns, Evaxes)," Petersburg, 1861. B. 

 Hatschek, " Studien iiber Entwicklungsgeschichte der Anneliden," Wien, 

 1878. Fr. Vejdovsky, " Bcitrage zur vergleichenden Morphologic der Anneliden. 

 I. Monographic der Enchytraeiden," 1879. 



