AEANEIDA PHALANGIIDA. 



505 



in two transverse rows, and long anterior legs. They construct irregular webs, 

 the threads of which cross one another in all directions, and live on their 

 webs. Theridlitm slsyphium Clerck., Pholcus plialangioides Walck. 



Fam. Orbitelae. Wheel spinners. Head and thorax separated by a furrow ; 

 abdomen swollen to a globular form. The eight eyes are arranged rather 

 irregularly in two rows, and the anterior legs are longer than the following legs. 

 The legs of the third pair are the shortest. They spin perpendicularly hanging 

 wheel-shaped webs with concentric and radial threads, and lie in wait in the 

 middle point or in a remote hiding-place, which they surround with a web, 

 Epeira diadema L., cross spiders. 



FIG. 407. Phalangium opillo <J (cornufum) (regne animal). 



R 



t 



FIG. 408. Male and female generative organs of Phalangium opillo (after Krohu). T, 

 Testis ; Vd, vasa def ereiitia ; P, penis with accessory glands ; It, retractor muscles ; Oc, 

 ovary ; U, uterus ; Op, ovipositor. 



Order 4. PHALANGIIDA. * 



Arachnida with four pairs of long, slender legs, with chelate chelicerce 

 and segmented abdomen joined by its whole breadth to the cephalo- thorax. 

 They have, no spinning glands, and breathe by trachece. 



* Meade, " Monograph of the British species of Phalangiidae," Ann. of nat. 

 Mat. 2 a . Ser. XV., 1815. A. Tulk, " Upon the anatomy of Phalangium o'pilio," 

 Ann. of nat. hist., XII.. A. Krohn, " Zur naheren Kenntniss der mannlichen 

 /eugungsorgane von Phalangium," Archivfur Naturgesch* 1865. 



