170 PISCES. 



Fam. Cyprinodontidae (Toothed Carps). Viviparous. Cyprinodon (Lebiaz 

 Cuv.) calaritanus Cuv., South Europe ; Analleps tetropTitJialmns Bl., Guiana. 



Fam. Siluridae. Fresh-water fish, usually with broad depressed head, strong 

 dental armature, and skin naked or covered with an armour of bony plates. 

 Silurus glanis L. (Wels, Waller). The largest river fish of Europe. Hypostomus 

 Lac. (Panzerwels) ; Malapterurus electricus L. (Zitterwells), Nile. 



FIG. 613. Exocoetus Eondeletii (after Cuvier and Valenciennes). 



Sub-order 4. Anacanthini. Malacopterygians (soft fins), which 

 with regard to their internal anatomy are allied to the Acantho- 

 pteri by the absence of a ductus pneumaticus ; usually with jugular 

 pelvic fins. 



' Fam. Ophidiidts. OpMdium larlatum L., Mediterranean ; Ammodytes 

 tobianus L., Sand-eel, North Sea. 



Fam. Gadidae, Gadus morrhua (the Cod). In Germany dried cod is called 

 Stockfisch, salted cod Laberdan. Cod-liver oil is prepared from its liver. Its 



x; 



FIG. 614. Gasterosteus acukatus (ater Heckel and Kner). 



young (Dorsch) were for a long time considered as a separate species (#. 

 callarias). G. ceglejinus L. Haddock, with a black spot behind the pectoral 

 fin. G. merlanyus L., Whiting, coasts of North Europe : Merluccius vulgaris 

 Flem., Hake, Mediterranean and Northern Seas ; Lota vulgaris Cuv., Burbot, 

 Eel-pout, Cony fish. A predatory fresh-water fish. 



Fam. Pleuronectidse. Flat fishes. The body is compressed, disc-shaped, and 

 strikingly asymmetrical. The side which is directed upwards towards the light 

 is pigmented (with change of colours) ; the other is free from pigment. Both 



