XXII 



GOVERNMENT 281 



soon as they accepted the Rajah's government, they 

 would obtain greatly increased facilities for driving 

 the highly profitable trade in jungle produce ; for, 

 before they had come under the government, the 

 Chinese and Malay traders had hardly ventured 

 to penetrate to their remote villages with their 

 cloths and lucifer matches, hardware, steel bars, and 

 other much-coveted goods. 



Several of the most influential chiefs who had 

 early showed themselves staunch friends of the 

 government were made Penghulus, and have long 

 continued by their example and influence energetic- 

 ally to support the Resident, notably the Kayan, 

 Tama Usong, and the Kenyah, Tama Bulan (see 

 Pis. 49, 27). The latter especially, though not one 

 of the first to come in, exercised his great influence 

 consistently, wisely, and energetically, in support 

 of the Resident and in the establishment of 

 peace and order throughout the district and even 

 beyond its boundaries. But he was only one of 

 several chiefs who have displayed a high degree 

 of enlightenment and moral qualities of a very 

 high order. 



The hostility of the Kalabits on the north-eastern 

 border, who persistently raided those villages of 

 their fellow- tribesmen that had come under the 

 government, had necessitated an expedition against 

 them in 1893. And Sea Dayak parties of jungle 

 workers had on more than one occasion stirred up 

 serious trouble. But, in spite of these difficulties, 

 by the year 1898 all the inhabitants of the district 

 were paying the regular door-tax, crimes of violence 

 had been almost abolished, trade was everywhere 

 increasing, and peace was assured, save for the 

 threat to it from one quarter, namely, the Madangs 

 of Usun Apo and the neighbouring powerful 

 settlements of Kenyahs across the water-parting 

 in the head-waters of the Batang Kayan. It had 



