APPENDIX 315 



Kohlbrugge states (1903, p. 2) that he has shown for 

 the interior of Sumatra, Java, and Celebes that there are 

 mesaticephalic peoples distinct in other respects from the 

 coast peoples, but not dolichocephalic. He concludes that 

 the (Ulu Ayar) Dayaks, being the only dolichocephals, are 

 the only pure Indonesians, and the rest (Kayans and 

 Punans) are more or less mixed with Malays. The mean 

 cephalic index of 1 30 Tenggerese of the interior of Java is 

 79.7, but the Ulu Ayars constitute a uniform group which 

 ranges from 71 to 81.4, of which 9 are 74 or under and 9 

 are between 74.1 and ^6 inclusive, the median of 26 adult 

 males being 74.7.^ [Although the median Kalabit index 

 in the living subject is somewhat higher, that of the skulls, 

 as well as the cranial index of Muruts and Trings 

 (Table C), is very similar in this respect to that of the Ulu 

 Ayars.] 



According to Nieuwenhuis' statistics, as given by 

 Kohlbrugge, there is in the brachycephalic group (Kayans 

 and Punans) a greater range (75 to 93.3, and i Kayan 

 woman reaches 97) than in the Ulu Ayars ; most fall 

 between 78 and 85, the medians of both being just over 81. 

 There are 8 dolichocephals ^ out of his 43 Kayan men and 

 4 out of his 25 women, but only i Punan out of 14. In 

 his curve of the Kayan indices there is a drop at 82 [a 

 curve of my data shows a similar drop]. " I leave it an 

 open question," he says (p. 13), "whether this break 

 indicates mixture of a dolichocephalic and brachycephalic 

 group ; this can only be decided by the study of more 

 abundant material, and requires confirmation from the 

 geographical and ethnographical standpoint. At all events 

 it may be assumed a priori that if long-headed and broad- 

 headed peoples occur in the interior of Borneo, then mixed 

 peoples will also be met with, and the Kayans might be 

 such." [An examination of my data will show that there 

 is practically no difference between the Kayans and 

 Kenyahs in this respect.] 



A comparison is also possible between the bi-zygomatic 

 breadths made by Nieuwenhuis and ourselves. The figures 

 are those of the minimum, median, and maximum. Kayans 

 (43 ^, N) 126, 139, 153 ; (25 ? , N) 125, 132, 141 ; (21 (?, H) 

 132, 141, 150. Punans (14^, N) 132, 138, 145 ; (19 (^, H) 



^ In order to make Kohlbrugge's data comparable with ours I have in all 

 cases grouped his youths and girls over i6 with the adults, and have left those 

 younger out of reckoning. 



2 I.e. having an index of 77.9 and under. 



