DESCRIPTIONS OF PEOPLES 



General Remarks on the Methods of taking Observations 



The physical characters and measurements of each individual 

 were noted on a separate card, and the bulk of them have been 

 embodied in the following synopses. As my object has been 

 to give a general impression of each group, I have not burdened 

 the descriptions with superfluous scattered observations. The 

 original records are available in Cambridge for any desirous of 

 consulting them. The statistics given r^r to the several re- 

 corded observations ; where these fall short of the total number 

 it may be taken for granted that as a rule the remainder did not 

 depart markedly from the normal standard of the group in 

 question — the presence of salient characters would be noted, not 

 their absence. 



In Table A certain measurements and indices are given of 

 the more important groups in order to facilitate comparisons. 

 Very small groups and half-breeds have been omitted, the object 

 being to summarise the characters of the adults of the larger 

 groups. The median in most cases is practically identical with 

 the average, but where a difference occurs, the median more 

 nearly represents the central type. The indices are based on a 

 calculation to two decimal places; where the second decimal 

 place is under five it is left out of account, and where five or over 

 the first decimal place is augmented by one. This table should 

 be compared with Table C. 



In the other tables all the measurements and indices are given. 



Head: Lengthy from glabella to most prominent point of 

 occiput; breadth^ maximum at right angles to above; bi-auric 

 breadth^ from base of the tragus, pressing firmly; circumference^ 

 greatest circumference immediately above the glabella ; auricular 

 vertical arc, from base of tragus over the vertex ; auricular radii 

 taken with a Cunningham's radiometer from the ear-hole. Face : 

 Total length, from nasion to chin ; upper length, from nasion to 

 alveolus ; bi-zygomatic breadth, from greatest prominence of cheek 

 arches, pressing firmly ; inter-ocular tvidth, between inner angles 

 of the eyes ; bi-gonial breadth, from the angle of the lower jaw, 

 pressing firmly. Nose : Length, from nasion to angle with lip ; 



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