jurisdictions and environments, including ttie ocean, during their life cycles. The Salmon 

 and Steelhead Advisory Commission described this problem: 



Spring Chinook produced in Idaho headwaters of the Columbia 

 River, for example, are subject to diverse fisheries regulated by 

 twenty separate governmental entities--more if one includes the 

 courts—over a several thousand mile-long migratory range. 

 Jurisdictions that produce fish often have little or no regulatory 

 authority over areas in which most of the fish are caught. 

 Jurisdictions that compete for the same fish often wind up 

 managing radically different fisheries for radically different ends. 

 The sheer number and variety of competing jurisdictions make 



coordinated management difficult even with determined effort, and 



3 

 highly improbable without it. 



The number of entities involved in fishery, land and water management, hydropower 

 operations, and other fish-related activities results in great institutional complexity. This 

 complexity makes institutional coordination extremely difficult. Several forums for partial 

 coordination exist, but often there is insufficient communication among them. 



3. From A New Management Structure for Anadromous Salmon and Steelhead Resources 

 and Fisheries of the Washington and Columbia River Conservation Areas (1984). 

 Report of the Salmon and Steelhead Advisory Commission authorized by the Salmon 

 and Steelhead Conservation and Enhancement Act, 16 U.S.C. 3301 et seq. Refer to this 

 report for more information on the coordination problem and its origin. 



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