18 CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT OK 



Symptums are rather peculiar. The animal has difficulty in breathing ; 

 is subject to symptoms of suffocation ; may fall down, get up again and 

 for a time appear all right. There may, after this, be a discharge of 

 blood from the nostrils. In such a case put the hand well back in the 

 mouth and make a careful examination. 



Treatment. — According to your works you would remove it, but my 

 experience is that they jire difficult to remove ; but it may have a very 

 well marked neck and you may in such a case remove it. I have had 

 some experience and there is much hemorrhage. 



Tumours of a cheesy consistency, but not polypi. When you make an 

 examination you may think it is of a fibrous character, but it is of a 

 fluctuating or flabby character, and you know by this that it contains 

 matter of some kind. It is best treated by making an incision, and 

 squeezing this matter out, and then treat as an ordinary injury. 



Ulceration of the arytenoid cartilage hes been noticed, and may result 

 from acute laryngitis. 



Symptoms. — It is difficult to detect, there is a discharge from the nose, 

 more when the animal is eating. The animal falls off greatly in con- 

 dition, and coughs. 



Treatment. — Nothing can be done for it. 



Thickening" of the Mucous Membrane of the nose causes impaired 

 breathing, a kind of snuffling up the nose. Give some such thing as 

 nitrate or chlorate of potash. 



Chronic Coujrh. — It is called this when no other disease can be 

 seen. There are different kinds of cough : the dry ; the humid, which 

 is free and moist : the deep hollow, such as is found in heaves, or 

 broken wind ; the suppressed cough, in which the animal tries to 

 suppress it, for it appears to cause great pain ; this is found in 

 pleurisy. 



Chronic cough may result from laryngitis. It is an indication of 

 broken wind or heaves. There is some derangement in the pneumo- 

 gastric nerve. It is aggravated much by changes in the temperature ; it 

 is shown after drinking or eating, or being brought from the stable, and 

 although it does not seem to hurt the animal much, you must look upon 

 it with a certain amount of suspicion. Pressure upon the larynx will 

 cause him to cough. 



Treatment must vary according to cause, or what you think is the 

 cause. Iodide of potassium, or mercurial ointment, tartar emetic may 

 be given — one or two drachms morning or night; or camphor, opium 

 and digitalis made into a ball and given twice a day. You may use 

 belladonna. 



Roaring generally goes under the name of heaves, or broken wind. It 

 may be produced by various causes. You may have whistling or blow- 

 ing, etc. A whistler is not so ferious as one that makes a loud and 

 unnatural sound upon any violent exertion. There is more air passing 

 into the nostrils than can pass into the lungs, and this is due to a wast- 

 ing of the muscles of the larynx. The air acts upon the vocal cords, 

 producing this peculiar sound. The muscles are more wasted upon the 

 left side than they are on the right. Roaring may arise from a disease of 

 the turbinated bone, or from a tumour of an osseous character in the 

 nasal chambers, or from a foreign body in the nasal chambers, but five 

 out of every six result from wasting of the muscles of the larynx. 



Causes. — It is caused by laryngitis, strangles and influenza ; but is 

 generally hereditary. It may be from some lesion of the pneumogastric 

 nerve, or from tight reining. It generally comes after strangles or laryn- 

 gitis, by being put to fast work too soon after recovery. Horses with 



